LaGuardia Airport (IATA: LGA , ICAO: CLGA , FAA LID: LGA ) is an airport in the northern part of the New York City Queens area in the United States. It is on the waterfront of Flushing and Bowery Bays in East Elmhurst and borders on the neighborhoods of Astoria and Jackson Heights. This airport is the third busiest airport serving New York City, and the twenty-busiest in the United States. LaGuardia Airport covers 680 hectares (280 hectares).
By 2016, LaGuardia Airport has a strong growth in passenger traffic; about 29.8 million passengers used the airport, up 14.2 percent from a year earlier. LaGuardia is the busiest airport in the United States without non-stop services to Europe. The perimeter rules prohibit nonstop flights to or from points above 1,500 miles (2,400 km), but exceptions to perimeter rules are flights on Saturdays and flights to Denver. Most transcontinental and international flights without border preclearance use nearby JFK or Newark airport, as there are no border control facilities at the airport.
Glenn H. Curtiss Airport <(named after Glenn Hammond Curtiss flight pioneer), later renamed North Beach Airport , was the previous airport at this location. The name was changed after the takeover and reconstruction of New York City to New York City Airport-LaGuardia Field , and in 1953 became "LaGuardia Airport", named after Fiorello La Guardia, the mayor of New York when the airport was built.
LaGuardia has been criticized for some outdated amenities. Former Vice President Joe Biden compares LaGuardia with a "third world country" and the airport has been classified in a number of customer surveys as the worst in the United States. Among the pilots, this is referred to as "USS LaGuardia", because the runway is short and is surrounded by water, thus giving the impression of landing on an aircraft carrier. On July 27, 2015, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo announced a reconstruction plan that would completely replace the existing airport. The reconstruction project was damaged in 2016 and is planned for completion by 2021.
Video LaGuardia Airport
History
Construction
The airport site was originally used by Gala Amusement Park, owned by the Steinway family. It was flattened and transformed in 1929 into a 105-acre private plot (42Ã, ha) named Glenn H. Curtiss Airport after a pioneering Long Island pioneer, later called North Beach Airport.
The initiative to develop an airport for commercial aviation began with an explosion by New York's mayor Fiorello La Guardia (in office 1934-1945) after the arrival of his TWA flight at Newark Airport - the only commercial airport serving New York City at a time - says "New York". He demanded to be taken to New York, and ordered the plane to be flown to Floyd Bennett Field in Brooklyn, giving an impromptu press conference to journalists along the way. He urged New Yorkers to support the new airport in their city.
American Airlines accepted La Guardia's offer to start a scheduled flight test program to Floyd Bennett, although the program failed after several months as Newark airport was closer to Manhattan. La Guardia went as far as offering police escorts to airport limousines in an effort to get American Airlines to continue operating the pilot program.
During Floyd Bennett's experiment, La Guardia and American executives embarked on an alternative plan to build a new airport in Queens, where he could take advantage of the new Queens-Midtown Tunnel into Manhattan. The existing North Beach airport is a clear location, but too small for such a planned airport airport. With support and assistance from the Job Progress Administration, construction began in 1937. Built on the site required removal of the TPA from Rikers Island, then a landfill, to a metal reinforcing frame. Framework under the airport still causes magnetic interference on the compass of the outgoing aircraft: signs in the airfield alert the pilot of the matter.
Due to America's important role in airport development, LaGuardia gave the airline extra real estate during its first year of airport operations, including four hangars, which was an unprecedented amount of space at the time. The United States opened its first Admirals Club (and the world's first private aviation club) at the airport in 1939. The club took over the large office space previously reserved for the mayor, but he offered it to be hired after criticism from the press, and American vice president Red Mosier soon accepted the offer.
Opening and early years
The airport was dedicated on October 15, 1939, as New York City Airport, and opened for business on December 2 of that year. It costs New York City $ 23 million to convert a small North Beach Airport into a modern 550-acre facility (220Ã, ha). Not everyone is as enthusiastic about La Guardia about the project; some consider it a $ 40 million boondoggle. But the public was fascinated by the idea of ​​air travel, and thousands of people traveled to the airport, paid a penny, and watched the plane take off and land. Two years later these fees and their associated parking already provide $ 285,000, and other non-travel (food, etc.) revenues are $ 650,000 per year. The airport soon became a financial success. A small airport near Jackson Heights, Holmes Airport, could not prevent the expansion of larger airports and closed in 1940.
Newark Airport is being renovated, but it can not follow the new Queens airport, which is called "the world's most magnificent seaplane and seaplane". Even before the project was completed, LaGuardia has won the commitment of the five largest airlines (Pan American Airways, American, United, Eastern Air Lines and Transcontinental & West Air) to start using new fields as soon as opened. Boat's Boeing 314 boats were moved to La Guardia from Port Washington in 1940. During World War II the airport was used to train aviation technicians and as a logistics field. Flight of transatlantic ground plane began at the end of 1945; some continued after Idlewild (now John F. Kennedy International) opened in July 1948, but the latter shifted to Idlewild in April 1951.
The alternate newspaper accounts refer to the airfield as the New York City Airport and LaGuardia Field until the modern name was formally applied when the airport moved to the Port of New York control authority under lease with New York City on June 1, 1947.
LaGuardia opens with four runways with a 45-degree angle to each other, the longest (13/31) to 6,000 feet (1,800 m). The 18/36 landing was soon sealed after United DC-4 operated at the southern end in 1947; the runway 9/27 (4,500 ft) closed around 1958, allowing the LaGuardia terminal to extend to the north after 1960. Landas Circa 1961 13/31 shifts northeastward to allow construction of a parallel taxiway (such facilities are not known when LGA is built) and on 1965-1966 the two remaining runways extended up to now 7,000 feet (2,100 m).
The Official Flight Guide April 1957 shows 283 fixed-wing departures on weekdays from LaGuardia: 126 Americans, 49 Eastern, 33 Northeast, 31 TWA, 29 Capital, and 15 United. American flights include 26 nonstop to Boston and 27 to Washington National (mostly Convair 240s). Jet Flight (United 727s to Cleveland and Chicago) began on June 1, 1964.
Next development
Although LaGuardia was a major airport for the era in which it was built, it soon became too small. Beginning in 1968 the common aviation aircraft was charged heavily to operate from LaGuardia during peak hours, prompting many GA operators to airports such as Teterboro Airport in Teterboro, New Jersey. The increase in traffic in LaGuardia and security issues prompted closure of the nearby Flushing Airport in 1984. Also in 1984, to combat further density at LGA, the Port Authority instituted a "Sunday-Friday-Friday" perimeter rule prohibiting nonstop flights from LaGuardia to cities over 1,500 miles (2,400 km) away; at the time, Denver was the only city with nonstop flights, and that was the only exception to the rule. (In 1986, Western Airlines hoped to fly 737-300 without stopping to Salt Lake City and failed to challenge the rules in federal court). Subsequently, the Port Authority also moved to connect JFK and Newark Airport to regional rail networks with AirTrain Newark and AirTrain JFK, in an effort to make this farther airport to compete with LaGuardia. In addition to these local regulations, the FAA also limits the number of flights and types of aircraft that can operate in LaGuardia.
LaGuardia traffic continues to grow. In 2000, the airport routinely experienced a dense, more than an hour's delay. That year, Congress passed a law to lift federal traffic restrictions in LaGuardia in 2007. Reduced demand for air travel after September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in New York City quickly slowed the growth of LaGuardia traffic, helping to reduce airport delays. The ongoing Port Authority Investment to renovate the Central Terminal Building and improve the airfield layout has also made airport operations more efficient in recent years.
The FAA approved the "Whitestone Climb" Instrument Elevation Procedures and the "Expressway Visual Approach to Runway 31" both of which overfly Citi Field.
In late 2006, construction began to replace the air traffic control tower designed by Wallace Harrison built in 1962 with a more modern one. The tower began operations on October 9, 2010.
Swap Delta-US Airways slot
On August 12, 2009, Delta Air Lines and US Airways announced the terminal landing and exchange slots in a separate press release. Under the swap plan, US Airways will award Delta 125 slot operating slot at LaGuardia. US Airways, in return, will receive 42 slot operations slots at Ronald Reagan National Airport in Washington, D.C., and is authorized to start services from the US to SÃÆ'Â £ Paulo, Brazil and Tokyo, Japan. When the swap plan is complete, Delta Shuttle operations will be moved from the Sea Air Terminal to Terminal C (current US Airways terminal), and Terminals C and D will be connected together. The US Airways Shuttle flight will be transferred to Marine Air Terminal, and the main US Airways flight will be transferred to Terminal D (Delta terminal now). The US Department of Transport announced that it would approve Delta/US Airways transactions on condition that they sell slots to other airlines. Delta and US Airways canceled a slot swap deal in early July 2010 and both airlines filed an appeal to the court. In May 2011, the two airlines announced that they would resend their proposals from a slot exchange to the US DOT. It was tentatively approved by US DOT on July 21, 2011. The swap slot received final approval from DOT AS on October 10, 2011.
On December 16, 2011, Delta Air Lines announced plans to open a new domestic hub at LaGuardia Airport. The investment is the largest single expansion by any operator in LaGuardia in decades, with an increase in flights of more than 60 percent, and a goal of more than 75 percent. In the summer of 2013, Delta increased operations to 264 daily flights between LaGuardia and more than 60 cities, more than any other airline in LaGuardia.
Delta invested $ 100 million to renovate C and D terminals in LaGuardia, where it now operates 32 gates. A 600-foot connector bridge has been built, connecting two terminals. Delta also converted the US Airways waiting room at Terminal C into Delta Sky Club, while continuing to operate the current Sky Club at Terminal D. US Airways built a new club, placed next to their old lounge, which has since become American Airlines Admirals Club.
Reconstruction
In April 2010, the director of the Port Authority Christopher Ward announced that the agency had hired a consultant to explore the full dismantling and rebuilding of LaGuardia Central Terminal. The project will create an integrated, modern, and efficient plan for the airport, currently a combination of decades of additions and modifications. The project, estimated to cost 2.4 billion US dollars, would include dismantling the existing central terminal building and four rail, garage, Hangar 1 and front roads; building temporary facilities; and design and build a new central terminal building. Rebuilding will be done gradually to maintain operations throughout the project.
The proposal matures on January 31, 2012. Patrick Foye, executive director of the Port Authority, said, "It has a strange, nostalgic but unacceptable 1940s type, the 1950s feel it is unacceptable." The Port Authority is looking for a private company to develop and operate a replacement terminal with private funds, similar to the way Delta operates other terminals at the airport. However, in January 2014, Governor Andrew Cuomo announced plans for the state to oversee the construction of a new terminal project that was stalled rather than the proposed public-private partnership.
On July 27, 2015, Governor Andrew Cuomo, joined Vice President Joe Biden, announced a $ 4 billion plan to rebuild the terminal as a building adjacent to the connecting bridge connecting the building. Airport officials and planners have concluded that the airport should basically be torn down and rebuilt.
Under the airport reconstruction plan revealed in 2015, a single terminal building will be built in stages, with people movers, retail space and new hotels. About 2 miles (3.2 km) additional taxiway will be built. The person's driver is to connect the new terminal section, Grand Central Parkway will be reconfigured, and the previously announced AirTrain LaGuardia will connect the airport to the Mets - Willets Point railway station and the Mets - Willets Point LIRR station. A proposed high-speed ferry, if introduced, will serve the Sea Air Terminal, a national historic building, which will remain intact. Tram exchange has also been proposed to move passengers faster in the central terminal. The new airport must be environmentally friendly and contain accommodation such as a hotel of about 200 rooms and a business center/conference. The entire airport will move 600 feet (180 m) closer to the Grand Central Parkway. The new parking garage will replace the parking facilities between the existing terminal and Grand Central Parkway, creating space for new facilities. By placing the terminal closer to the Grand Central Parkway, additional space for the aircraft taxiway and hold area will be created, reducing land delays. The runway itself will not be configured.
Construction of the first phase of the project begins in spring 2016, after the final plan is approved by the Board of the Port Authority, with all redevelopment scheduled to be completed by 2021. Terminal B will be dismantled, and Delta Air Lines will rebuild C and D terminals in coordination with the plan. This is because both airlines and the Port Authority have agreed to cooperate in building a single terminal. The new airport will feature an island gate system, with passengers connecting between the terminal building and the gate via a bridge that will be high enough for the plane to the taxi below. At the end of March 2016, a comprehensive plan for redevelopment was approved unanimously. Construction costs are estimated to range from $ 4 billion to $ 5.3 billion. In August 2017, Magic Johnson Enterprises and Loop Capital created a joint venture called JLC Capital to invest in Phase 2 of LaGuardia Airport reconstruction. In the same month, Delta was damaged in the last phase of airport reconstruction. At that time, the first new gate opened in 2018.
On December 9, 2017, six airlines moved to LGA. Alaska and JetBlue moved to Marine Air Terminal. America is consolidated in Terminal B. Delta Shuttle operates from Terminal C. Frontier and Spirit depart from Terminal C and arrive at Terminal D.
Maps LaGuardia Airport
Terminal
LaGuardia has four terminals (A, B, C and D) connected by buses and sidewalks. Boards across the terminal are designed by Paul Mijksenaar. Like all other Port Authority airports, some terminals in LaGuardia are managed and managed by the airline itself. Terminal B is under the operation of the Direct Port Authority.
Terminal A (Sea Air Terminal)
The Marine Air Terminal (MAT) is the original airport terminal for overseas flights. The waterside terminal is designed to serve the fleet of airplanes, or the Clippers, from Pan American Airways, the major American international airline during the 1930s and 1940s. When the Clipper lands on Long Island Sound, it slides into the dock where passengers can get down to the terminal. During World War II, four new-engined ground planes were developed, and airplanes ceased carrying passengers scheduled out of New York after 1947. The last Pan American flight left the terminal in February 1952, headed to Bermuda.
This terminal is the home of the largest mural created during the Federal Roosevelt Project's Progress Art Project Works. Created by New York artist James Brooks, a mural, Flight , circling the top rotunda wall, tells the story of human conquest to the sky until 1942 when the work is done. During the 1950s, many WPA artists were considered in collusion with the Communists. Some of the artwork that has been created for post offices and other public facilities was destroyed. Likewise, Flights are completely painted with wall paint by the Port Authority of New York & amp; New Jersey. In the late 1970s, Geoffrey Arend, an aviation historian and writer of Great Airports: LaGuardia, conducted a campaign to return the mural to its original splendor. With the help of Brooks, LaGuardia Airport manager Tim Peirce, and donations from Readers Readers founders of DeWitt Wallace and Laurance Rockefeller, Flight were dedicated in 1980.
In 1986, Pan Am resumed the flight at MAT with the purchase of a New York Air shuttle service between Boston, New York City and Washington, DC In 1991 Delta Air Lines bought Pan Am Shuttle and then started service from MAT on the month September. 1. In 1995, MAT was designated a historical landmark. The $ 7 million recovery was completed just prior to the 65th anniversary of commercial flight at the airport on December 2, 2004. On December 9, 2017, JetBlue and Alaska Airlines moved to Chicago O'Hare and Washington Reagan National flights at MAT and Delta Shuttle joined with the Boston shuttle in Terminal C.
Terminal B
The Central Terminal Building (CTB) serves most LaGuardia airlines. It is a long six blocks, consisting of four central floors, two wings of three floors and four concourses (A, B, C, and D) with 40 aircraft gates. The $ 36 million facility designed by Harrison & amp; Abramovitz was ordained on April 17, 1964. Delta and US Airways left their respective CTBs in 1983 and 1992 for their special terminal on the east side of the airport.
The Port Authority and various airlines undertook a $ 340 million improvement project in the 1990s to expand and renovate the existing space.
On December 9, 2017, American Airlines, United Airlines, Southwest Airlines, and Air Canada operate in Terminal B.
Terminal C
The C terminal, 300,000 square feet (28,000 m 2 ), designed by William Nicholas Bodouva Associates Architects and Planners, opened Sept. 12, 1992, at a cost of $ 250 million. The original tenants were meant to be Eastern Air Lines, but when the East was forcibly bankrupted in an attempt by parents of Texas Air Corporation to combine its assets with Continental Airlines airline company, Continental assumed the lease. Continental never moved, as it sold leases and most LaGuardia slots to US Airways as part of Continental's bankruptcy restructuring. Trump Shuttle, the successor of the Eastern Shuttle, also occupied the terminal before becoming part of US Airways. The Port Authorities of New York and New Jersey say that the terminal handles about 50% of regional air traffic in LaGuardia.
As a result of a slot-swap deal between Delta Air Lines and US Airways, in July 2012, Delta occupies the majority of terminals (C15-C44 gates). American Airlines (formerly a US Airways flight) operates several flights from the C35-C44 gate until December 9, 2017. The gate on the east side of the lower level does not have a jet bridge and is used to transport passengers via bus to and from Delta Connection flights parked at the stands far on the east side of the airport. Passengers must use the air ladder for the ride/descent of this flight.
On December 9, 2017, Delta and Delta Connection operated in Terminal C. Frontier and Spirit Airlines also used Terminal C for their departure, however, their flights arrived using Terminal D.
Terminal D
Terminal D, opened on June 19, 1983, at a cost of approximately $ 90 million, was designed by William Nicholas Bodouva Associates Architects to accommodate the new Boeing 757 and Boeing 767 aircraft belonging to the Delta. Delta has been using almost exclusively this terminal, however, today several gates are now used by low-cost Canadian WestJet airlines as well as Spirit Airlines and Frontier Airlines.
As of December 9, 2017, Delta, Delta Connection, and WestJet operate at Terminal D. Terminal D is also the flight arrival point for Frontier and Spirit Airlines.
Terminal D connects to Terminal C with a 600-foot walkway, which opened in early 2013 as part of Delta's effort to build a hub in LaGuardia.
General Aviation Terminal and service
Although there are no separate terminal buildings for public aviation, the pseudo terminal is operated within Marine Air Terminal (Terminal A) currently run by Sheltair Aviation which provides full FBO services for private pilot aircraft and charter including 100LL and Jet A refueling, computerized weather and flight planning as well as pilot and passenger lounge. To access the General Aviation terminal, airport tenants must have a SIDA (Security Identification Display Area) badge for non-landing access, while temporary airplane owners and passengers must be escorted at all times in and out of GA Terminals and to hill and hangar areas by FBO staff.
Following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the Federal Aviation Administration changed the rules for landing and departure of public aviation aircraft in LaGuardia. Pilots operating unscheduled IFR flights are now required to make reservations via the e-CVRS FAA system no later than 72 hours prior to the arrival or departure of the flight while public charter flights may make reservations up to six months in advance. The non-scheduled IFR flight can only operate in LaGuardia with a reservation from 6:00 am to 9:59 pm local time Monday to Friday and 12:00 noon to 9:59 pm local time on Sunday. Booking for an unscheduled IFR flight is not necessary throughout the day on Saturdays. The plane without reservation will be transferred to Teterboro Airport or Linden Airport.
Other facilities
When New York Air operates, its headquarters are in Hangar 5 in LaGuardia.
The Port Authority of New York and the New Jersey Police Department (PAPD) provide law enforcement and fire escape services to the airport, LaGuardia Airport Command is located at Building 137. Emergency medical services are provided by North Shore University Hospital under contract to the Port Authority.
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
Statistics
Top destinations
- Notes
- ^ 1 Including US Airways
Annual traffic
Ground Transport
In September 2014, several bus lines of the MTA Regional Bus Operations link LGA to New York City Subway and Long Island Rail Road, with free transfers reserved for MetroCard users making subway connections. The bus is wheelchair accessible and operated by the MTA of New York City Transit and MTA Bus Company:
- M60 Select Bus Service (All terminals)
- Q47 (Terminal A (Sea Air Terminal) only)
- Q48 (all terminals)
- LaGuardia Link (Q70) Select Bus Service (all terminals except Terminal A)
- Q72 (all terminals except Terminal A)
There are also many private bus lines that operate express buses to Manhattan, Hudson Valley, and Long Island. The Port Authority runs two free shuttle bus routes, operating all the time except overnight hours, within the airport connecting all terminals and parking lots.
Taxis serving the airport are licensed by New York City Taxi & amp; Limousine Commission. Rates in New York City are measured. Uniformed taxi officers are available to help passengers before they embark on a journey. The airport is accessible directly from Grand Central Parkway. New York City limousine service, which is also licensed by Taxi & amp; The Limousine Commission, offers tariffs ranging from $ 40 to $ 150 from LGA to Manhattan (excluding tips and tolls) in sedans or limousines.
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force History Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.
External links
- Official website
- LGA Airport Monitor (from Passur.com)
- FAA Airport Chart Ã, (PDF) , effective May 24, 2018
- "New York City DOT State Diagram" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on October 4, 2012.
- LaGuardia airport information (from airport-viewer.com)
- Resources for this airport:
- AirNav airport information for KLGA
- ASN accident history for LGA
- FlightAware airport information and direct flight trackers
- NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
- SkyVector aeronautical graph for CLGA
- Current LGA FAA delays information
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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