The knife legislation is defined as a statutory body or lawsuit that is enacted or enforced by a government or other regulatory jurisdiction that prohibits, criminalizes or limits the manufacture, import, sale, transfer, possession, transportation, or use of a knife.
Bringing a knife in public is prohibited or restricted by law in many countries. Exceptions may be made for hunting knives, pocket knives, and knives used for work-related purposes (chef knives, etc.), depending on the laws of the given jurisdiction. In turn, carrying or possessing certain types of knives that are deemed to be lethal or offensive weapons such as automatic blades or folding knives or butterfly knives may be restricted or prohibited. Even where knives can be legally brought to people in general, these rights may not extend to all places and circumstances, and any description knives can be prohibited in schools, public buildings or courthouses, and at public events.
Video Knife legislation
Austria
In accordance with the Austrian Arms Act of 1996 ( Waffengesetz 1996) it is illegal to purchase, import, possess or carry weapons disguised as other objects or as objects of common use (stick swords, for example, or knives disguised as ink pen, brush handle or belt buckle). For ordinary knives, however, there are no restrictions or restrictions based on the length of the blade or the mechanism of opening or locking.
The Weapons Act defines arms as "objects whose nature is intended to reduce or eliminate a person's defense ability through direct impact", in particular including all firearms. As a result, certain knives are considered "weapons" in accordance with this definition. Except firearms, however, are highly regulated, such as "weapons", including automatic key-knife knives (knife folding), automatic OTF blades, balisong blades, and gravity knives are implicitly permitted under the Weapons Act, and thus can be bought, owned and carried by anyone over the age of 18 who has not been expressly prohibited from possession of any weapon (Waffenverbot) by civil authorities.
Maps Knife legislation
Belgium
Article 3, Ã,§§1 of the 2006 Arms Act includes a folding knife or an automatic knife ( couteaux ÃÆ' cran d'arrÃÆ'ªt et ÃÆ' lame jaillissante ), as well as butterfly knives, knife throws, stars, and knives or knives that have the appearance of other objects (ie stick swords, knife belt buckles, etc.) as forbidden weapons. In addition to specially prohibited blades, local police and jurisdictions have vast powers to prohibit carrying or possessing various knives, to include trains in vehicles, if the owner can not establish sufficient legal grounds ( motive là ©  © gitime ) to do so, especially in urban areas or at public events. This wisdom even extends to a folding knife without a locking knife.
Bulgarian
Bulgarian weapons law is maintained every year. This is called ZOBVVPI (Bulgarian: ,, ?????? ????????, ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????, pellet or BB (Bulgarian:, , "pneumatic weapons." The state regulation of any melee weapon does not exist, whether knives, swords, bats or electrical devices There is no juridical definition of the term "melee weapon" or "cold weapon" in law Bulgaria It is therefore absolutely mandatory to own and carry a knife in Bulgaria without having to give any reason to do so.Riding a hidden knife is OK, wherever and whenever.Although there is no restriction on ownership or carrying any kind of knife or sword , it is not widely accepted or appropriate to bring knives openly in public places such as public roads or buildings, shops or restaurants.In urban areas, expect an instant check and a hassle if a police officer sees t you to openly bring a larger knife, even if you have the legal right to do so. From a community perspective, an open knife handle in Bulgaria is justified only in rural areas, when fishing or hunting, or when a knife serves as a tool in work activities, such as gardening. Some places like courts, banks, clubs, bars, etc. Will deny your access to all types of weapons (including knives) and most of them do not offer storage options. It is an urban legend in Bulgaria that knives over 10 cm. is illegal to take with people, so expect the police to try and convince you to voluntarily hand over a knife, even if the size is illegal. You should not let go of your knife, but mention the purpose of "daily necessities", "utility use" or even "self-defense" to bring and clarify that you have not committed any crime. Insist the police to cite the law against you carrying a knife in public. Since there is no such law in Bulgaria, the police will most likely let you keep your knife and send you on a journey with a "warning". If they insist or be more naughty, ask to call their boss before handing over your knife or you will not see it again. Actually, there are some random city councils that try to limit the length of the blade above 10 cm (4 inches) by the action being issued, but these actions are all illegal and have no adherence strength, because the board only serves administratively and they have no jurisdiction to create or apply any law. Remember that while it is very liberal in terms of knives owned and carried, compared to many European countries, Bulgaria is not a place where you can defend yourself with lethal force. If the need to defend yourself with a knife ever arises, consider it very carefully. Bulgaria has strict self-defense laws and the "obligation to step back" is always mandatory. Typically, courts often regard armed self-defense as "unfair" under the Criminal Code and defendants end up with effective prison sentences, even if the cause (cure) for initiating self-defense is proven.
Canada
The Canadian Criminal Code criminalizes possession of an open knife automatically. Section 84 (1) defines a "knife that has a knife which is automatically opened by gravity or centrifugal force or by hand pressure applied to knobs, springs or other devices attached to or in the handle of the blade" as a forbidden weapon. Only those who have been granted an exemption by Canadian Police Installed through Canada's Firearms Program are permitted to own (but not obtain) arms.
If a person is found in the unlawful possession of a forbidden knife by a law enforcement officer, the person may be sentenced to a maximum of 5 years in prison and a seized weapon. The Crown may then apply to the judge of the Provincial Court for a weapon to be forfeited and destroyed. The import and export of forbidden weapons is also strictly regulated and enforced by the Canadian Border Service Agency.
Examples of prohibited blades include:
- any knife, including a folding knife, or a butterfly knife with a knife exposed automatically by gravity or centrifugal force or by hand pressure applied to a button, spring, or other device in or attached to a knife handle ;
- Constant Companion (belt-buckle knife);
- a finger ring with a knife or other sharp object projected from the surface;
- thrust.
Manually opened or 'one-handed' opening knives, including a spring auxiliary blade, which is not included in the category listed as the definition of a forbidden weapon is legal to own and use, but the import of many of these items has been banned by CBSA..
There is no length limit for carrying a knife in the Criminal Code, but there is a ban on carrying a knife if the owner intends to bring for dangerous purposes for public peace or for the purpose of committing a crime.
China
Due to concerns about potential violence at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, China began to limit "dangerous blades", requiring buyers to register with the government when purchasing this knife. Included in the new restrictions are knives with "blood flow", knife blades, knives with knives measuring more than 22 cm (8.6 inches), and knives with knives over 15 cm also have point angles of less than 60 degrees. As of January 2011, according to authorized Leatherman dealers in Beijing all knives with locking knives are illegal unless they are part of a larger multi-tool like a leatherman. However, many people still carry pocket locks especially when camping without problems. He suggests bringing a locking knife in the checked luggage on the plane, and your person on the train and subway as they can be confiscated if found in the bag. Foreigners are generally given a little more leeway in China so if a traveler is caught with a small knife there may be no prosecution and the most seizure.
Czech Republic
The law of the Czech weapons from 2002 only concerns firearms, without any other law on existing knives (with the exception of criminal code passages punishing the use of any weapon in a criminal offense). This means there is no restriction on ownership or bringing any kind of knife or sword, either openly or in private.
Denmark
In Denmark, fixed knives are legal to have if the knife is not more than 12 cm (4.75 inches). Blades above this length can only be legally owned if the owner has a valid reason to bring a special collector's knife or permit. However, such knives are generally still illegal to be taken in public places, either to a person or in a vehicle, unless transported in such a way as to prevent access by owner (lock box, locked trunk, etc.) Fold, unlocked knives legal to carry if the blade length does not exceed 7 cm (2.756 inches). Locking knives and knives over 7 cm should be transported in public so as not to allow ready access by the owner. Knife with a knife that can be opened with one hand (even if one-handed opening mechanism has been removed), automatic opening knife (folding knife), thrust knife, gravity knife, disguised knife (belt knife, sword stick, etc.). a knife with ready access by the wearer (neck knife or belt, boot knife, etc.) is illegal to own or have. Multi-tools featuring a one-handed opening bar are also illegal to own or have. Have a throwing knife and throw it personally or publicly subject to permission.
French
In France, any knife with a long knife with a fixed knife, or a folding knife with a locking system, falls into an unregulated Category D weapon ( armes de catà ©  © gorie D en vente libre ). Unregulated Category D weapons can be legally purchased if they are over 18 years of age, but should not be taken to anyone unless they are brought "for good reason", for example, as part of one's professional tool. If carried in a vehicle, the knife must be placed in a secure and locked compartment that is not accessible to the passenger of the vehicle. In addition, French law provides that authorities may classify any blade as a forbidden item depending on the circumstances and policies of the police or judicial authorities. Since a "reasonable size" knife is tolerated in most circumstances, authorities can seize it.
German
German knife law establishes three categories of knives: 1) a forbidden knife; 2) the knife designated as cut and thrust the weapon ; and 3) other knives. Some knives are also classified as limited use, as they may be possessed at home or business, but should not be brought to the person. In addition, paragraph 42 of section 5 of the Arms Law grants every German state of choice in certain areas to enact local legislation prohibiting the carrying of "weapons and dangerous objects" in areas called "gun bans" for the purpose of protecting public safety. and ordering. The "Weapons" area has been in place in Berlin and Hamburg. Banned blades
German law prohibits the making, importing, or selling of butterfly knives, gravity knives, and pushing daggers (palm knives), and knives designed to be disguised as other objects, such as a sword stick or a belt buckle knife.
Automatic knives or folding knives are generally prohibited, with certain exceptions based on blade length and sharp edge counts. Folding blades and automatic knives with the telescoping knife opening design are prohibited. A side-opening automatic knife is also prohibited except for 1) blades no more than 8.5 cm, and 2) single-edged blades, ie double-edge blades, such as stilettos or daggers.
Cut and thrust weapons
The knife designated as cut and thrust the weapon , but is not specifically prohibited to be owned by people aged 18 years and over. German law defines cutting and thrust weapons as objects intended to reduce or eliminate a person's ability to attack others or defend himself. These include swords, swords, daggers, stilettos, and bayonets. For example, as a bayonet is a military weapon intended to injure or kill people, it is considered a weapon by criminal law. Conversely, machetes are considered as a means to clean up the dense vegetation. Knives that are classified as cut and push weapons are generally limited to ownership and use on private property, and should not be brought in public or at certain public events. Knife used is limited
All unauthorized knives can be legally purchased, owned and used by anyone on private property. However, some blades are prohibited from being done in public, which is defined as doing actual control of a limited class blade outside the home, business, or private property.
- All cut and thrust weapons such as daggers, swords, or stilettos (see above 2.)
- All locking knives and have a one-handed opening mechanism (either automatic, assisted opening, or manual). A knife that has only one of these two features may be legitimate to carry (ie as long as it does not violate the principles below and above).
- All knives with knives remain above 12.0 cm
A limited use blade may be carried when transported in locked and closed containers, or if there is a legitimate legal purpose to carry it, such as participation in historical casting, sports use (eg hunting), or as a necessary tool in a trade or business. The desire to defend oneself, or use a knife as a tool with no evidence of need for its use is usually not regarded as a legitimate purpose.
Greek
It is illegal to bring a knife to use as a weapon in attack or defense. The only common limit is intended use , not the property of the blade itself (in particular, there is no limit to the length of the blade, despite popular belief). However, in practice there will be significant leeway for interpretation for police officers and judges - and much will depend on whether the purpose of use other than as a weapon is debatable - in which the properties of the knife are relevant (bad: blade-film, automatic , long knife, neck knife, tactical). So, carrying a knife that has its main use as a weapon is illegal. In addition, it is not permissible to carry knives in certain places, such as courtrooms, football matches, etc. Carrying knives is generally very unusual in cities, but not in the countryside.
- Law 2168/1993 on weapons, explosives, etc.
"Article 1. Meaning of the term, application
...
Ã,§ 2. Objects that offer self [????? ????????] to attack or defend is also considered a weapon. Especially:
...
b) Knives of all kinds, except those whose ownership is justified by use at home, profession or education, or art, hunting, fishing or other similar uses. "
The remaining part refers to: a) sprays and electro-shockers, c) knuckle dusters, clubs, nunchakus, etc. D) flame thrower or chemical spray, e) fishing lance-rifle.
No license is required to import, trade or bring a knife for this use (Art. 7, 5).
See also constitutional court verdict 1299/2008 where the weapon usage found in the car of two criminals is the subject.
Useful articles from hunting journals (in Greek).
Hong Kong
Under the Weapons Ordinance (HK Law Chap 217), certain knives are designated 'forbidden weapons', including:
- Gravity knife
- Knuckleduster is thorny or not and with or without a knife
- A bladed or pointed weapon designed to be used in a mode where the handle is held with a fist and a knife or point protruding between the fingers fingers
- Any knock hit by a spring or other mechanical or electrical device
Ownership of forbidden weapons is illegal under section 4 of the rules and offenders may be fined and jailed for 3 years. Police Officers or Customs Officers may arrest and withhold whatever weapons are prohibited. After being found guilty, the weapon is automatically canceled to the government and then can be disposed of by the Police Commissioner.
Hungarian
Carrying a knife with a knife length of more than 8 cm (3.1 inches) is prohibited in public places in Hungary unless justified by sport, work or daily activities. Automatic knives, throwing stars and "French knives" are prohibited regardless of the length of the knife and can be sold only to members of the army, law enforcement and national security agencies. Violations can be punishable by a fine of up to 50,000 HUF. Home ownership and transport in safe packing are allowed for everyone.
The non bladed weapons used to "increase the power of the blow" are illegal to carry (clubs, knuckle polish, nunchakus, etc.).
Japanese
Any fixed blade containing a blade length of 15 cm or more requires permission from the prefectural public safety commission to own. Permission requirements also apply to all types of pocket knives over 6 cm (including Automatic Knives), spears over 15 cm long knives, and Japanese spears. All knives with a knife length of more than 8 cm are prohibited from being brought under criminal law, with the exception of performing other duties or justifiable reasons. Ownership is considered a minor crime and usually can not be punished by prison time. However, in cases where an attack occurs with a knife, there is a penalty of up to 2 years in prison or up to ¥ 300,000 penalty. A folding knife with a blade length less than 8 cm (like a Swiss Army knife) is allowed, while SAK with a key knife is forbidden to carry.
Latvian
Latvian Legislation "Legal Handling Weapons" defines a knife as:
- (1) Cold weapons - an object that features weapons and is intended to cause damage to harness the power of human muscles or special mechanisms.
and prohibit
- (2).. to carry non-firearms weapons except for non-firearms required for hunters - in hunting and non-firearms required for athletes for relevant sports - in competitions or training.
Lithuania
According to Lithuanian law it is lawful to own and carry most types of knives. These include hunting knives, pocket knives, multi-tools, safe knives, balisong etc. Because a knife is not considered a weapon. The only exception is a folding knife. It is illegal to carry or have a switchblade if it meets any of the following criteria: blade longer than 8.5 cm; the width at the center of the blade is less than 14% of its total length; two-sided blades.
Dutch
National Law :
In 2011, the Dutch law prohibited the ownership or possession of the following blades:
- stiletto
- switchblade
- throwing a knife
- a folding knife with more than one cutting edge
- a folding knife with an overall length of more than 28 cm when used
- butterflies (balisong)
- gravity knife
- an undercover knife (knife belt, sword stick, etc.) and push the dagger.
Local law :
In addition to national law, each city and the Dutch urban district have the right to ban carrying any potential knives as weapons in certain "security risk" areas. This "forbidden" area may include geographically restricted urban areas such as bars, cafà © s, concerts, and venues or public gatherings. In public, a knife must be transported in such a way that it can not be used directly by the owner, such as storing a knife in a locked box to carry in a backpack, or placing a locked knife in a separate storage area of ​​the vehicle from the passenger compartment.
Note : In addition, it is illegal to carry a fixed blade knife with many cut edges. But such knives can be kept at home for collector's purpose.
Norway
Under Norwegian law, a person may spend up to 6 months in jail for deliberately carrying a knife or similar sharp instrument that is perfectly suited to cause physical damage to a public place, or to help others do so. The law does not cover knives or other tools used or used for work, outdoor activities or destinations with similar reputations. Note that this includes bringing a knife into someone's car. It is also illegal to buy, own or store folding knife knives, butterfly knives, and stilettos.
Polish
All types of knives are considered a dangerous tool, but are not considered weapons under Polish law, so there is no arms-related restriction. Exceptions are knives hidden in objects that do not look like weapons (swords in umbrellas, daggers in shoes, etc.). It is legal to sell, buy, trade and have any knives, and Polish law does not prohibit the carrying of knives in public places. However, certain restrictions that have so-called "malicious tools" may apply during a bulk event.
Russian
Only certain knives are considered "cold weapons" and set in Russia; others are common and completely unregulated tools, but using them violently is considered the use of "improvised weapons" and is an irritating condition when the cost for an aggressive behavior is filed, local can prevent bringing "dangerous objects" to multiple events or businesses. The key point of the knife rule in Russia lies in the fact that the determination of whether a certain knife is a weapon or device not fully regulated is in the opinion of a certified expert or certification board authorized. In practice this means that there is no legal difference between a knife as a tool and as a weapon, and most of the examples given can be considered good, the only difference being a certificate issued by a competent body, and anything the blade that has this certificate is explicitly legal. Certification of knives as a tool is not difficult and most manufacturers and importers do this, issuing copies of certificates with a knife during the sale, for presentation to police officers if any questions. However, unlawful possession, manufacture, sale and transport of bladed weapons was discriminated against in 2001 and is now only a civil offense, carrying penalties between 500 and 2000 ($ 15 to $ 60) rubles and/or bans of bladed arms for 6 months. months to a year. For knives considered as weapons, the law prohibits only throwing knives, and automatic knife and gravity with a knife longer than 9 cm (shorter knives are allowed, giving the owner the relevant permit).
Serbian
The "Weapons and Munitions law" section 2. lists various types of weapons. It states that: "melee weapons, brass knuckle, dagger, kama, saber, bayonet and other items whose primary purpose is offense" are considered weapons. Most knives are considered tools and are technically legal to own and carry. However, since any knife can be used as a melee weapon and the law does not distinguish between certain types, it is up to the authorities to determine the intent of the individual who has the knife and whether there is "a good reason" to do so. so. So a knife blade is still considered appropriate for a particular profession or when hunting and fishing, but it will likely be treated as a weapon in an urban environment. Folding knives, butterfly knives, knives hidden in everyday objects are usually treated as weapons and assisted knives may also fall into that category. The appearance of a knife (how aggressive it looks), its length (though there is no legal limit on its length), the location where it was brought (large meetings, schools, public buildings, etc.) And the attitude of the person who brought the knife all the factors into the decision whether the law broken. Purchases, possessions and short-range weapons are classified as minor crimes, subject to fines of up to 10,000 RSD or up to 60 days in prison ("Weapons and legal ammunition", article 35. In practice less than the blade weapon appears, and if carried and used with "good judgment" is less likely to have legal consequences.
Slovakia
Carrying a knife in Slovakia is not explicitly prohibited or there is a type of knife that is forbidden. But Law no. 372/1990 Violations The law states in paragraph 47 that carrying "cold weapons" such as knives, daggers, or swords in public places is a non-criminal violation of public safety if, from the circumstances of the case or the person's behavior, it can be concluded that this weapon can be used for violence or threat of violence. It is up to individual judgment of every situation by a policeman whether carrying such weapons can lead to violence. This violation can be subject to maximum sanction of 500 EUR. Examples of such situations are seen carrying knives in crowded public places, public meetings, etc.
Spanish
In Spain there are strict laws prohibiting bringing armas blancas, or fighting knives, and prohibiting the manufacture, sale, possession or use of certain knives classified as forbidden weapons. Armas blancas and other sharp instruments or cutting tools can be bought and owned freely provided they are not on the list of forbidden weapons, not bought or owned by minors, kept at home for exclusive collection purposes, and not transported on public roads. It is against the law generally to carry, display or use any kind of knife in public, especially knives with pointed knives, unless they are on their own or are engaged in work or engaged in legitimate sports activities requiring the use of such knives.
List of forbidden weapons found at Anexo IÃ, - Armas prohibidas from Real Decreto 137/1993 According to El Que Se Apebeba EL Reglamento de Armas , which prohibits the manufacture, import, distribution, sale , possession and use of a sword stick, automatic knife (folding knife), and any type of dagger. Double-pointed knife blades, tapered ends of 11 cm (4.33 inches) or less in length (measured from the front end of the handle to the tip of the blade) are considered as armas blancas , which may be owned but not carried in in public. The law also prohibits the marketing, advertising, selling, possession, and use of a folding knife with a knife length exceeding 11 cm (4.33 inches), measured from the bolsters or the top of the handle to the tip of the blade. Certain exceptions to the list of forbidden knives exist for legitimate knife collections and historical artifacts listed in Guardia Civil for exclusive ownership at home.
Civilians are prohibited from possessing knives, machetes and other sharp weapons officially issued to police, military and other official authorities without special license. The sale of such weapons requires the presentation of an official weapons license that guarantees the identity and status of persons entitled to own such weapons.
Swedish
Swedish law prohibits carrying knives in public places, including schools and vehicles in these areas, if the operator intends to use a knife as a weapon in a crime. Examples of legitimate purposes include crafters who use knives in the workplace, uniformed soldiers carrying knives, or normal use of a pocket knife. The same law also regulates some other object made to encourage, cut, or otherwise be meant for crimes against life and health. In addition, "primarily" objects intended for crimes against life and health, such as folding knives, secret weapons and metal books, are not allowed to be given or sold to anyone under the age of 21. Carrying a weapon in self-defense is not counted as legitimate purpose.
United Kingdom
The 1689 Bill of Rights ensures that only Parliament and not the King can limit the people's right to bear arms. Over the past 60 years, Parliament has enacted a series of increasingly restrictive laws and measures regarding the ownership and use of bladed knives and equipment. The United Kingdom (including England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) has one of the most comprehensive legal instruments of the developed world that limits most of the right to import, buy, own, sell, and carry knives. Data on ambulance services collected in 2009 showed a slow increase in the incidence of knife crime in the UK despite the overall level remains low.
England and Wales
Limiting Attack Weapon Action 1959
The Weapons Restrictions Act 1959 (amended 1961) (ROWA), prohibited the importation, sale, lease, lending, or granting of certain types of knives in England, Wales, and Scotland on June 13, 1959 under Section 1:
- (1) Any person producing, selling or renting or offering to be sold or rented, or expose or own in its possession for the purpose of selling or renting or lending or giving to others -
- (a) any knife that has a knife that opens automatically with hand pressure applied to buttons, springs or other devices on or attached to a knife handle, sometimes known as a film blade or "flick gun" "; or
- (b) any knife having a knife removed from the handle or overlay by gravity or centrifugal force application and which, when released, is locked in place by means of buttons, springs, levers, or other devices, sometimes known as gravity knife,
- will be guilty of a violation of [...]
Subdivision 2 also made it illegal to import this type of knife as of June 13, 1959. The above rule criminalizes the behavior of the original owner or automatic opening of the blade or gravity, not the new owner or transfer; In addition, the law does not criminalize the ownership of such knives other than those for sale or lease purposes. It is therefore not illegal to have only such a knife, although the difficulty of obtaining it without violating the law makes it (almost) impossible to obtain it without committing or refuting the offense.
Criminal Justice Act 1988
The Criminal Justice Act 1988 is primarily concerned with bringing a knife in a public place, Section 139 becomes the most important:
- (1) Subject to subsections (4) and (5) below, anyone with an article in which this section applies to them in a public place shall be guilty of a violation.
- (2) Subject to paragraph (3) below, this section applies to any article that has a sharp or pointed blade except a folding knife.
- (3) This section applies to folding knives if the tip of the sword's spear exceeds 3 inches.
- (4) This will be the defense of a person accused of an offense under this section to prove that he has good reason or legitimate authority to have an article with him in a public place.
The definition of "public place" is unclear, but may be loosely defined wherever the public has a legitimate right to be whether or not this access is paid, which may include territories of the population in England and Wales, including one's motor vehicle, defined by law as 'public places' unless parked on private property. In remote or uninhabited areas, public places may include: 1) organized deserted or organized encounters; 2) National Park; 3) Forestry Commission land held open to the public; 4) common footpath; 5) bridleways; and 6) any area where a person does not need to ask for special permission to walk, camp, or travel from the landowner.
The phrase "good reason or legitimate authority" in Section 4 is intended to permit the "sensitivity" of knife ownership, so it is legal to bring a knife if there is a reason for bona fide to do so. Sub-Section 5 provides some specific examples of the reasons for bona fide: a knife for use in the workplace (eg a chef's knife), as part of a national costume (eg
- for Scottish Gown Highland), or for religious reasons (eg Sikh Kirpan ). However, even the exclusion of this special law has proven to be useless to the knife owner at times. It is important to note that exceptions to "good reasons or legitimate authorities" may be difficult to establish for those who do not use knives in their trades or professions, but only because a knife is required in an emergency or for occasional utility use..
- (1) Any person who has an article in which section 139 of this Act applies with him in school shall be guilty of a violation.
- (2) Anyone who possesses an offensive weapon in the sense of part 1 of the 1953 M1 Prevention of Crime Act with him in school shall be guilty of offense.
- (3) This will be the defense of a person accused of a violation under paragraph (1) or (2) above to prove that he has a good reason or a legitimate authority to have an article or a weapon with him in that place in question.
- (4) (Part 4 provides the same special exception as sub-chapter 139 (5) in addition to "for educational purposes" This would seem to imply that all public knife laws apply equally to school buildings, and therefore a folding knife under 3 inches (76mm) in length will be considered legal.)
- (1) Any person who sells to a person under the age of sixteen an article imposed in this section shall be guilty of a violation of [...]
- (2) Subject to paragraph (3) below, this section applies to--
- (a) any knife, blade or razor...
- Hunting license
- Weapon possession (crime)
- The collection of laws in Europe
Although British law insists that it is the responsibility of the claimant to provide evidence proving the crime has been committed, one must provide evidence to prove that they have "good reason or legitimate authority" to bring a knife (if this is the case). ) while on hold. While this may appear to be a reversal of the usual burden of proof, technically the prosecutor has proven the case (prima facie) by stipulating that the knife is being carried in a public place (see the 2006 Violence Crime Act on Knives, etc.) New powers to overcome crime weapons and knives)
Since the burden to prove "good reason or legitimate authority" lies with the defendant, it is possible that someone detained and wanted by the police needs to prove the following (sometimes known as THIS ): Have THIS people get permission; to use the article THIS (knife); for THIS is used; on THIS land; and the landlord THIS .
The special exceptions contained in the 1988 Criminal Justice Act (Part 139) for a folding knife (knife) with a knife of less than 3 inches (76mm) in length, are other "common sense" measures that accept that some small knives are brought to the public. utilities; However this exception only applies to folding knives without a locking mechanism. The words of the Criminal Justice Act do not mention locking so the definition of "folding knife" is resolved through case law. In the appeal of the Supreme Court Harris v. DPP (1992) and the case of the Court of Appeal R. v Deegan (1998) the 'fold' verdict meant to mean 'non-locking' is enforced. Since the only high court in England and Wales in the Court of Appeals is the Supreme Court, the only way of decision in R. v. Deegan may be canceled by a different ruling by the Supreme Court or by Parliament.
Weapons of Action Acts 1996
The Offensive Weapons Act 1996 includes possession of knives within the school building:
The Offensive Weapons Act 1996 imposes an age limit on knife sales:
In Scotland, the 2006 Violence Crime Act makes it an offense to sell knives to someone under the age of 18 (including knives, razors, sharps or pointed objects, or any items made or adapted for causing personal injury.)
Knives Act 1997
The Knives Act 1997 prohibits the sale of combat knives and limits the marketing of knives as offensive weapons.
Crime Prevention Act 1953
Crime Prevention Act 1953 prohibits the ownership in any public place of offensive weapons without legitimate authority or reasonable grounds. The term "offensive weapon" is defined as: "any article created or adapted for use to cause injury to that person, or intended by a person who has it with him for such use".
Under Prevention of Crime, the "liberated" knife which was brought in for "good reason or legitimate authority" may still be considered illegal if the authorities conclude that the knife was taken as an "offensive weapon". In recent years, the Crime Prevention Act 1953 has been reinterpreted by police and public prosecutors, who have persuaded the courts to minimize exceptions for prosecution on the grounds that the defendant has "legitimate authority or reasonable reason" to apply the Act to various kinds of cases. This new approach now includes prosecution of citizens who claim to be carrying a knife for the sole purpose of self-defense (in the eyes of the law, it is currently seen as a recognition that the defendant intends to use the knife as "offensive weapon", albeit in a defensive manner, which can be justified). While the responsibility lies with the officer to prove offensive intentions, prosecutors and courts in the past took the appearance and marketing of certain knife brands into account when considering whether another legal knife was being brought as an offensive weapon. In addition, the Knives Act 1997 now prohibits the sale of combat knives and limits the marketing of knives as offensive weapons. A knife that is marketed as "tactical", "military", "special ops", etc. Therefore it can bring extra responsibility.
In May 2018, Judge Nic Madge, as part of his retirement ceremony at the Luton Crown Court, advised to introduce a scheme in which community members could turn their kitchen knives so as not to be harmful. Judge Madge said if the proposal was implemented there would be a "substantial" reduction in the number of life-threatening injuries caused by stabbings.
Scotland
In Scotland, the Criminal Code (Consolidation) (Scotland) Act of 1995 prevents carrying offensive weapons as well as pointy articles or bladed in public places without legitimate authority or reasonable grounds. Defense exists for allegedly having bladed or pointed articles in public places when brought for use in the workplace, as part of a national costume or for religious reasons. As in England and Wales, exceptions are allowed for folding knives that have knives less than 3 inches (7.62 cm)
Other relevant Scottish knife rules include the 1988 Order of Criminal Justice Act (Scotland) of the Order of 2005, which prohibits swordsticks, pushes a dagger, a butterfly (a ballisong knife), throws a star, a knife that can beat metal detectors, and knives disguised as other objects, and the Police, Public Order and Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 2006, which makes it an offense to sell knives, knives, or objects that are bladed or pointed to a person under the age of eighteen, is sixteen years of age or older and a knife or knife "is designed for domestic use." In 2007, the section of the Custodian and Weapon Sentence (Scotland) Act 2007 allowed the exclusion of criminal liability under section 141 of the 1988 Criminal Justice Act for selling offensive offensive weapons if the sale was made for the purpose of theater performances and exercises for such performances , film production (as defined in section 5B of the Copyright, Design and Patent Act 1988), or the production of television programs (as defined in section 405 (1) of the Communications Act 2003).
Further legislation in Scotland, known as Custody and Weapon (Scotland) Act 2007, is now in force (certain sections of this Act come into force on September 10, 2007). This law amends the 1982 Civil Government Act (1982) and requires the licensing of local authorities to sell knives, swords, and knives (other than those designed for 'domestic use'), or to sell sharps or sharp objects of any kind. which is created or adapted for use to cause injury to the person. "Any dealer with a non-domestic blade will be required to hold a 'knife selling license'.
Northern Ireland
The laws that limit the ownership, use, possession and sale of knives are almost identical to Scottish law and other parts of the UK, although contained in different acts. In 2008, in response to an increase in public awareness of knife-related crimes, Northern Ireland doubled prison sentences for people convicted of possessing knives considered offensive weapons in public places for up to four years in prison, and added evidence of perceived support for prosecution for possession of knives.
United States
Federal law
Based on the 1958 (changed 1986, codified on 15 USC Ã,§ç§1241-1245), folding knives and ballistic blades are prohibited from interstate, sales, or import shipments, or ownership in the following: any territory or ownership of the United States, that is, the land of the federal government; Indian Land (as defined in section 1151 of title 18); and territories within the maritime or territorial jurisdiction of the federal government, with the exception of federal, state and military law enforcement agencies. In addition, federal laws may prohibit the possession or carrying of any knives on certain federal property such as courthouses or military installations. U.S. federal laws concerning switchblades do not apply to the possession or sale of folding knives within state boundaries; the latter governed by the laws of that particular country, if any.
The frequent disputes over what is a folding knife under federal law sometimes result in Customs gaffes on knives from US importers or manufacturers. In one case, the Columbia River Knife & amp; The tool blade generates about US $ 1 million in losses to the company before it is released.
The 1447 amendment to the Switchblade Knife Act (15 USC Ã,§1244), signed into law as part of the FY2010 Domestic Legal Allocation Bill on 28 October 2009, states that the Act does not apply for a spring-spun blade or split-opening knob (ie a closed-loop springing knife that requires physical strength applied to the blade to help open the blades).
State and local laws
Every state of the United States also has legislation governing the legality of carrying weapons, either closed or open, and this law explicitly or implicitly covering various types of knives. Some countries go beyond this, and criminalize the ownership of certain types of knives. Other states prohibit the possession and/or carrying of a hidden knife that features a knife force or feature sufficient to turn it into a "dangerous weapon" or "deadly weapon", ie a knife either optimized to kill against humans or designed to and ready to cause death or injury a serious body. These often include knives with certain blade styles with historical connections to violence or murder, including stabbing knives such as dirk, poignard, and stiletto, knives bowie, and a double-edged knife with a crossguard designed for blade battles like a dagger. Some countries make the possession or possession of dangerous or lethal weapons with the intention of illegally endangering other crimes.
Historical Origin
The origins of many knife laws, especially in the southern states, stem from attempts by early state legislatures to limit the practice of knife and duel fighting with large knives such as bowie knives, which are usually done as items of personal defense before the invention of the revolver. In Alabama, Mississippi, New Mexico and Virginia, bringing someone from a large and long battle knife capable of causing painful wounds such as Bowie Knife is prohibited by law, initially for the sake of controlling or eliminating the practice of "duel" as is often the case, a term that has changed from a rarely used social custom becomes a common description for every knife or crossfire between two contestants. In many jurisdictions, local traditions using knives to resolve differences or to defend themselves result in the enactment of laws that limit the size and length of the blades and, in particular, the length of the blades.
After the Civil War, many restrictions on knives and even weapons possession imposed by clear state, city and city laws and procedures were based on the fear of weapons possession by certain racial groups, especially African-Americans and American Hispanics. In some states, the so-called "Black Code" adopted after the Civil War required blacks to obtain licenses before carrying or possessing a firearm or Bowie knife. The government of Texas and other former Confederate states, many of which recognize the right to carry weapons like Bowie knives openly before the Civil War, pass new restrictions on the use and use of weapons and knives. In some cases, this law is directed at freed slaves and other minorities; in other cases, by reconstruction agencies seeking to disarm militia and insurgent groups seeking to uproot the rights of African-Americans and other minorities. The Act of 12 April 1871 authorized by the Texas Reconstruction legislature is typical, and it is the current legal ancestor that limits the ownership and use of knives in Texas:
Anyone carrying or about the person, the saddle, or in the saddlebags, any gun, dirk, dagger, sling-shot, sword-cane, spear, brass knuckle, bowie knife or other knives, made or sold, violation or defense, unless he has reasonable grounds for fear of illegal attacks on his person, and that such an attack field must be urgent and urgent; or unless it has or brings the same in or on its behalf to the lawful defense of the State, as a militia in actual service, or as a peacekeeping officer or police, shall be guilty of minor crimes... "
While most of the weapons restrictions were eventually repealed, many of the blade laws remained in force in the South. In Texas, this is largely explained by the presence of a large number of Tejanos. In 1870, the Texas whites that day almost universally and exclusively adopted the revolver to defend themselves, while Tejanos, deepened the knife (el iDo legado Andaluz) culture of Mexico and Spain and generally without the means to buy a gun, kept carry a knife. So while the laws and regulations of Texas and local and state guns gradually relaxed or disappeared during the late 1800s, long bans against bowie blades, daggers, dirks, and other bladed blades remain in the book, as they serve to disarm weapons and control of minorities are seen to engage in unlawful conduct and violence without legal justification. Texas law remains in the book for nearly 150 years, until it was modified in 2017 to allow carrying these weapons with some restrictions.
Interpreting current state law
Many of the current state criminal codes that limit the use and possession of knives have been changed repeatedly over the years rather than rewritten to remove old classifications and definitions that are largely historical inheritance, a process that often results in illogical, confusing, and even contradict. So in Arkansas, a country where knives are fighting using big and long knives like Bowie and Arkansas Toothpicks have become commonplace, state legislation forbids anyone to "carry a knife as a weapon", by determining that any blade with blade 3 , 5 inches or more in length is proof that the knife was taken as a weapon, but permits a complete exemption of the law when "on the way".
Although Arkansas ultimately abolished the ancient criminal ownership law as a whole, other countries are still periodically changing ancient criminal codes that punish both historical and current behavior involving the use and possession of knives; this patchwork law may result in long legal disputes over legislative intent and definition. As an example, the laws of Indiana make it illegal to have 'daggers', 'dirk', 'poniard', 'stiletto', 'knife fold', or 'gravity knife' at school property, or have any knives on school property " can be used to inflict cut, stabbing, or tearing wounds "if the knife" is meant to be used as a weapon ", but it provides criminal punishment only if a person is" reckless, conscious, or deliberate "having such a knife on the school property. Thus, the law requires 1) knife examination and history of legislative law; 2) expert testimony about individual characteristics of a historic knife design to determine whether the blade corresponds to one of the six categories of certain blades; 3) the determination of whether a knife can cause "cutting, stabbing, or tearing"; 4) determination of what level of injury is "wounded"; and 5) two separate determinations of the intentions of the accused by the fact-finding - before guilty or innocent can be decided.
Some countries prohibit the possession of a folding knife with fast-opening mechanisms such as gravity knives, butterfly knives, balisong, or folding knives. Other countries may not impose a ban at all, while many allow ownership with some restrictions (age, carrying someone, carrying concealed items, carrying a convicted convicted criminal, prohibited owner, or while committing a serious offense, etc.)
The ongoing emergence of new blade designs, such as aid-release blades can complicate matters of legality, especially when state laws have not been carefully designed to clearly define new designs and how they should be classified in existing law. This neglect has led in the past to cases where state courts have replaced their own understanding of knife design to interpret legislative intent when applying laws that criminalize certain types of knives.
In 2014, attention was brought on by many newspapers and media into the 1950s era of laws that led to many arrests and beliefs for the possession of loosely defined gravity blades.
City, spaces, and local laws
City, county and local jurisdictions (to include sovereign Indian states within the borders of the state) may enforce their own criminal or procedural law in addition to the restrictions contained in state legislation, which may be tighter than state law. Almost all local states and jurisdictions have laws restricting or prohibiting ownership or carrying knives in a particular form or manner in certain areas or places such as schools, public buildings, courthouses, police stations, prisons, power plants, airports, or public events.
Local or city codes are sometimes designed to include certain classes of people not covered by state penal laws, such as those who carry a folding knife with a locking knife especially for use as a weapon. For example, a San Antonio, Texas city law makes it unlawful for anyone to consciously carry within the city limits "on or about the person" any blade folding with a knife less than <5.5 inches long by a lock mechanism which locks the bar when opening. This ordinance is designed to work in conjunction with the laws of the state of Texas making it illegal to carry a knife with a blade again of 5.5 inches. The San Antonio Ordinance allows the police to charge the people who carry most of the key blades with no good cause for criminal offenses, allowing police to remove knives from the perpetrator's possession, while providing exemptions from regulations designed to protect class- specific classes. people in the city thought there was no threat to public order. Sometimes, city and district regulations conflict with state law. In one instance, the city of Portland, Oregon initially passed city regulations banning all pocket knives, until the action was overturned by the Oregon Supreme Court as opposed to state criminal law.
See also
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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