A switchblade (also known as automatic knife , key blade , ejector blade , switch >, Sprenger , Springer , film blade , or knife ) is a type of blade with folding or a sliding knife contained in a handle that is automatically opened by a spring when a button, lever, or switch on the handle or bolster is activated. Most switchblade designs incorporate a locking knife, in which the blades are locked against the closure when the spring extends the blade to full open position. The blade is unlocked by manually operating a mechanism that unlocks the blade and allows it to be folded and locked in a closed position.
In 1954, Democratic Republican James J. Delaney of New York wrote the first bill submitted to the US Congress banning the manufacture and sale of folding knives, initiating a wave of legal restrictions around the world and a consequent decline in their popularity. In 1955, the US newspaper promoted the image of a mischievous young man with a stiletto dagger or a movie knife with the scary stories of urban juvenile gang warfare, often featuring lower-class youth and/or racial minorities.
Video Switchblade
History
Knife switched knife dates from the mid-18th century. The earliest known examples of spring springs were built by European craftsmen, who developed bayonet automatic fold spikes for use on flintlock pistols and trainer guns. Examples of automatic steel folding knives from Sheffield England have crown crowns dating from 1840. Cutlery makers such as Tillotson, A. Davey, Beever, Hobson, Ibbotson, and others produce an automatic opening knife. Some have simple iron bolsters and wooden handles, while others have ornaments, silver alloy rolls and deer grips. A knife made in England often includes a "release pen" instead of a central grip knob, where the main springs activated larger blades are released by pressing a smaller, enclosed pen blade.
In France, a 19th-century folding knife marked ChÃÆ' Â ¢ tellerault is available in a version that opens automatically and manually in several sizes and lengths. ChÃÆ' Â ¢ tellerault switchblade features recognizable such as "S" in the form of cross protector, lock type mechanism and decorative pearl carving and ivory handle. In Spain, Admiral D'Estaing is associated with a type of naval folded dirk that is duplicated as a cutlery. In a closed position (folded), the blade tip will surpass the handle for use at the dining table. It may be that the spring is activated to full length if required as a side arm, by pressing the lever instead of the handle button. In 1850, at least one American company offered a single 22.22 rimfire gun equipped with a spring knife. After the American Civil War (1865), knife production became industrialized. The oldest American automated production knife made is Korn Patent Knife , which uses a rolling bolster.
The advent of mass production methods allows folding knives with multiple components to be produced in bulk at a lower cost. In 1890, sales of US knives for all types were on the rise, supported by sales of catalog mail orders and mass marketing campaigns that used advertisements in magazines and newspapers. Therefore, the knife manufacturers started marketing new and much more affordable automatic knives to the general public. In Europe and the United States, sales of automatic blades are never more than a fraction of the sales generated by conventional knives, but these types enjoy consistent sales if it is simple from year to year.
In 1892, George Schrade, a toolmaker and engineer from New York developed and patented the first of several practical automatic knife designs. The following year, Schrade founded the New York Knife Press Button Company to produce a knife switching knife pattern, which has a unique release button mounted on a bolster blade. The Schrade Company operates in a small workshop in New York City and employs about a dozen workers.
1900-1945
The sword maker in Toledo, Spain, developed the market in the 1920s for gold-leverlocked knives automatically with a pearl handle and an ornamental knife enamel. Italian knife makers have their own blade style including push button style and leverlock, some characteristic bearing designs similar to the earliest French knife ChÃÆ' Â ¢ tellerault . Before World War II, automatic handmade knives marked Campobasso or Frosolone are often called Flat Protector because the design is bolsters over two pieces. Some Italian switchblades incorporate a bayonet type blade equipped with a blade lock release that is activated by selecting a lever at the end of the hinge, and is known as a lock. This was subsequently replaced by a new design that incorporates a knife lock release onto a sloping bolt, which releases a spearpoint blade or bayonet.
In the United States, the commercial development of switchblade blades is predominantly dominated by the discoveries of George Schrade and the New Button Button Knife of New , though W.R. Case , Union Cutlery , Camillus Cutlery , and other US knife manufacturers also market automatic blades from their own designs. Most of Schrade's switchblade patterns are automatic versions of utilitarian folding blades and pocket knives, as well as smaller folding knives designed to appeal to female buyers. In 1903, Schrade sold his interest in New York Press Button Knife Co. to Walden Knife Co., and moved to Walden, New York, where he opened a new factory. There, Schrade became the company's production inspector, building a production line to produce several knife blades designed by Schrade, ranging from large folding hunters to small pocket knives. Walden Knife Co. will sell thousands of copies of Schrade's original button design.
Schrade's advertising campaign that day and other auto-blade manufacturers focused on marketing for farmers, breeders, hunters, or outsiders who needed a compact pocket knife that could be used immediately when needed. In rural America, the campaign is partially successful, especially with younger buyers, who aspire to have the most modern tools as new labor-saving inventions continue to emerge in the marketplace. Most American made switchblades made after 1900 are patterned after standard utilitarian pocketknives, although some larger Bowie patterns or Folding Hunters are produced with blade shapes and lengths that can be considered useful. as a combat knife. Most have a flat clip profile or a spear or spearhead and a single sharp edge. The length of the blade rarely exceeds five inches (12 cm). Some manufacturers introduce double switchblades, displaying two blades that can be automatically opened and locked by pressing a button.
At the bottom end of the market, Shapleigh Hardware Company . Louis, Missouri contracted thousands of switchblades under the trademark Diamond Edge for distribution to dealers throughout the United States and Canada.. Most of these knives are new, assembled at the lowest possible cost. Sale of display cards in many hardware and general stores, many low-end Diamond Edge switchblons fail to last more than a few months in actual use. Other companies such as Imperial Knife and Remington Arms pay royalties to Schrade to generate an automated "contract knife" for rebranding and sale by large mail-order retailers such as Sears, Roebuck & Together.
In 1904, in combination with his brothers, Louis and William, George Schrade formed Schrade Cutlery Co. at Walden, and began to develop a series of new switchblades, which were patented in 1906-07. The Schrade Safety Pushbutton Safety button recently incorporated some design improvements over previous work, and featured an operation button equipped with a sliding safety switch. The multi-blade operating buttons allow the blades to operate with four automatic blades. In a successive patent from 1906 to 1916, Schrade will continue to refine this design, which will later be known as the Presto series. With the Presto line, Schrade will dominate the auto blade market in the United States for the next forty years. Schrade will continue to produce thousands of switchblade contract blades under several trademarks and brands, including E. Cium , Wade & amp; Butcher , and Case XX , while other companies use Schrade patents as the basis for their own patterns. Among these are pocketblock and hunter folding patterns under the name Keen Kutter , trademarks of E.C. Simmons Hardware Co. (later purchased by Shapleigh Hardware Co.).
After getting excellent results from his work, Schrade went to Europe in 1911, first to Sheffield, England, where he helped Thomas Turner & amp; Company in speeding up war orders from the British Navy. He then moved to the knife-making center in Solingen, Germany. Schrade recognized Solingen's reputation for having the best steel cutting tools in Europe, and he opened a factory to produce knife-press knives there. In 1915 or 1916 Schrade sold its solingen ownership (some sources claimed they were confiscated by the German government) and returned to the United States.
In 1918, Captain Rupert Hughes of the US Army submitted a patent application for a ditch knife which opened automatically with his own design, Hughes Trench Knife . This is a strange device consisting of a spring-mounted knife attached to the handle tied to the back of the hand and secured with a leather strap, leaving the palm of the hand and the fingers free to grasp other objects. Pressing the button on the handle automatically extends the blade to the open position and locked position, allowing the blade to be used as a stab gun. The Hughes Trench Knife was evaluated as a potential military arm by a panel of US Army officers from the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in June 1918. Unfortunately, after board testing found Hughes the design was not worth, and never adopted. Hughes then patented his automatic trench knife in 1919, though Hughes did not seem to have succeeded in persuading a knife manufacturing company to produce his design.
From 1923 to 1951, Union Cutlery Co. from Olean, New York produces a series of switchblade operated by levers designed for the upper and upper end of the market, featuring celluloid, deer, or jagged bones, pressed knobs all showing the company's trademark > KA-BAR on the blade bar. That line includes KA-BAR Grizzly , KA-BAR Baby Grizzly , and KA-BAR Model 6110 Lever Release . The biggest model is the KA-BAR Grizzly, a folding hunter pattern with a wide bowie type clip point knife.
Upon his return to the United States, Schrade made a final fix on the Switchblade series Presto, applying for his patent on June 6, 1916. The following year, Schrade granted the new flyblade flylock design license to the Cutlery Challenge Company , which he then joined. Under the trademark of Flylock Knife Co. The challenge of making some flylock locking patterns, including the large 5-inch folding hunter model with a hinged floating shield and a small pen blade model designed to appeal to female buyers. A Cutlery ad The challenge of the day illustrates the hand of the woman who operates the automatic pen blade, accompanied by a description urging women to buy one for their sewing kit so as not to break the nail while trying to open the normal pen blade. Schrade pursues his interest in making knives at Challenge and at Schrade, where his brother George now manages one of the company's factories.
With several ex-Challenge employees, Schrade formed a second company, Geo. Schrade Knife Company , mainly for producing series of blades Switchblade Presto . In 1937, Schrade took out two cheap switchblade knives designed to attract youth, Flying Jack and Pull-Ball Knife . The Flying Jack has a sliding operation hook and can be produced with one or more opening bells automatically. The Pull-Ball opens by pulling the ball at the end of the handle handle. Schrade will later create an alternate configuration on the handle of the ball operation, including dice, rings, eight balls, or different colors. Unfortunately, Pull-Ball requires two hands to unlock, removing many of the switchblade utilities as a one-handed blade. Because the knife-catching mechanism requires considerable space in the handle, the blade length is relatively short compared to the length of the handle. Schrade produces many pull-ball blades for sale under other brands, including Remington, Case, and "J.C.N. Co." ( Cutlery Novelty Jewelry Company from North Attleboro, Massachusetts) Always looking for new ways to attract customers, Schrade continued to experiment with new forms of switchblade design until his death in 1940.
In the late 1930s, the German Luftwaffe began training the troops of FallschirmjÃÆ'¤ger or paratroop forces, and as part of this effort developed special equipment for air soldiers, including FallschirmjÃÆ'¤ger-Messer (parachutist), which uses a gravity-operated mechanism to propel the sliding spearpoint blade from the handle. The German parachute blades, which feature marlinspike in addition to cutting blades, are used to cut rigging and unlocked lines, although they can be used as weapons in emergencies. The US Army in 1940 commissioned Geo. Schrade Knife Co. to generate a small counterattack for the U.S. air force, to be used similarly to FallschirmjÃÆ'¤ger-Messer . The blade was not intended primarily as a blade of a fight, but rather as a utility tool, to allow the paratrooper to quickly cut himself out of the line and utilize in case he could not escape after landing.
The company's submission was approved by the US Army Command in December 1940 as Knife, Pocket, M2 . M2 has a 3.125 inch clip-point blade and brings assurance carry. Except for warranties, M2 is for all intents and purposes copies of George Schrade's popular civil civilian Presto model. M-2s were issued primarily to US Army paratroopers during the war, although some knives appeared to have been distributed to crews and members of the Strategic Services Office. When issued to paratroopers, M2 is usually carried in a double zippered pocket knife in the upper chest of a uniform jacket jumping M42. After the war, M2 was produced by Schrade (now Schrade-Walden, Inc. ) as the "Knife Knife Parachutist Knife" (MIL-K-10043) under the postwar military contract. In addition, other companies such as Colonial Knife Co. created a civilian version of M2 after the war.
Italian postwar and stiletto sales
From the end of World War II to 1958, most US-made switchblades were manufactured by Schrade (now Schrade-Walden, Inc. , divisions of Imperial Knife Co. ), and Colonial Knife Co..
Schrade-Walden Inc. made a knife under the Schrade-Walden trademark, while Colonial made a number of switchblade patterns during the 1950s under the trademark ShurSnap .
After 1945, American soldiers returning home from Europe brought individually-purchased samples of what came to be known as Italian stiletto switchblade . Consumer demand for more of these blades resulted in the import of a large number of knife blades and telescoping opening, mainly from Italy. These imported switchblades are often referred to as stilettos, since most use long, slender knives that taper to point like needles, along with a thin-profile grip and vestigial cross-guard that are reminiscent of medieval weapons.
The majority of this Italian stiletto knife handle knife uses a sleek, iconic bayonet blade with a single saber-ground edge and an opponent's fake edge. Like the medieval stilettos, the switchblade stiletto is designed primarily as an offensive weapon, optimized for thrusting rather than cutting (many of the imported stiletto switchblades do not have a sharp cutting edge at all). These include knives that range in knife length from two to eighteen inches (50mm - 460mm); some are thin souvenir knives made for tourists, while others are made with solid materials and workmanship. Though unquestionably limited in practical use, the new stiletto switchblade is a revelation to buyers accustomed to the utilitarian nature of most US-made automatic blades such as the Presto Schrade Pruning Knife.
Use and controversy of the 1950s
In 1950, an article titled The Toy That Kills appeared in Women's Home Companion , which was widely read in the US daily that day. The article triggered a storm of controversy and a national campaign that would eventually result in state and federal laws that criminalize imports, sales, and possession of automatic opening blades. In the article, author Jack Harrison Pollack assures readers that growing "threats" can have deadly consequences "because every criminal can tell you". Pollack, former assistant Democratic Senator Harley M. Kilgore and author for others, Senator Harry S Truman, have written a series of melodramatic magazine articles calling for new laws to address social ills. In The Toy That Kills , Pollack writes that the switchblade was "Designed for violence, turning off as a revolver - it's a plumber, the kids' toys around the country take as a mode." Press the button on the new version a knife folding and an arrow knife out like a snake tongue action against this killer must be taken now ". To support his allegations, Pollack quoted an unnamed juvenile court judge as saying: "This is just a short step from bringing a counterattack to the gang war".
During the 1950s, established US newspapers and a sensational tabloational press combined forces in promoting the image of a naughty child with a switchblade stiletto or a film blade. While the press is focused on the folding knife as a symbol of youth's evil intentions, the attention of the American public is attracted by the scary stories of youth teen gangs and the fact that many gangs are comprised of lower-class youth and/or racial minorities. The alleged offensive character of stiletto switchblade combined with reports of knife fights, robberies, and stabbings by young gangs and other criminal elements in urban areas of the United States resulted in continuous demands from newspaper and public editorial spaces for new legislation restricting ownership legitimate. and/or the use of a folding knife. In 1954, the state of New York passed the first law banning the sale or distribution of folding knives in the hope of reducing gang violence. In the same year, Democratic Republican James J. Delaney of New York wrote the first bill submitted to the US Congress banning the manufacture and sale of switchblade.
Some members of the US congress saw controversy over the dispute as a political opportunity to exploit the negative accounts of daggers and its relationship with violence and youth groups. This coverage included not only magazine articles but also very popular films in the late 1950s including Rebel Without a Cause (1955), Crime in the Streets (1956), < i> 12 Angry Men (1957), The Secretaries of High School (1958), and Broadway musicals 1957 West Side Story . The Hollywood fixation on switchblade as a symbol of youth, sex, and delinquency violence resulted in new demands from the public and Congress to control the sale and possession of the knife. State laws that limit or criminalize the ownership and use of benchmarks have been adopted by a growing number of state legislatures.
In 1957, Senator Estes Kefauver (D) from Tennessee tried unsuccessfully to pass a law restricting the import and possession of knife-exchanged knives. Opposition to the bill from the US knife-making industry was muted, with the exception of Colonial Knife Co. and Schrade-Walden Inc. , which still produces small amounts of pocket switchblades for the US market. Some in the industry even support the law, hoping to gain market share at the expense of Colonial and Schrade. However, the legislation failed to receive the expected support of the US Department of Commerce and Justice, which deems the law unlawful and unwarranted interference into legally legitimate sales in interstate commerce.
While the Kefauver Bill failed, a new US Senate bill banning the importation or ownership of a folding knife blade in interstate commerce was introduced the following year by Democratic Senator Peter F. Mack, Jr. from Illinois in an effort to reduce gang violence in Chicago and other cities. centered in the state. With violence and juvenile delinquency exacerbated by a severe economic recession, the Mack Bill is enacted by Congress and signed into law as the Switchblade Knife Act of 1958. This US federal law is closely followed by the UK Offensive Weapons Weapons Act 1959. In Canada, in 1959, Parliament changed the Criminal Code to include new production automatic blades as prohibited weapons that are prohibited to be imported, sold or owned in the country.
The new law treats all automatic opening blades as forbidden classes, even knives with utility knives or general purpose that are not generally used by criminals. Curiously, the sale and ownership of stilettos and other offensive knives with fixed knives or lockbacks is not prohibited. In other US states, sales and ownership of folding knives remains legal, especially in rural countries where a significant proportion of the population has firearms. By the end of 1968, Jack Pollack was still writing horrific articles demanding further federal legislation prohibiting the purchase or possession of nationwide knife blades. New York Congressman Lester L. Wolff (D) even reads one of Pollack's articles into the US Congressional Record.
As a non-violent measure, the law against the sale or use of benchmarks clearly fails in the United States, as younger gangs are increasingly turning from bats and knives to guns, MAC-10s and AK-47s to resolve their disputes over territories as well as revenues from prostitution, extortion, and the sale of illegal drugs. In fact, the rate of homicide in the US using cutting or stabbing instruments of all types declined from 23% of all murders in 1965 to just 12% in 2012.
1970-2000
In the late 1960s, the new production of switchblade in the United States was largely confined to paratrooper knife military contracts. In Italy, the switchblade known among collectors as "Transitional" is made with a mixture of modern parts and old-style parts remaining. Around this time, the "Picklock" design was largely superseded by tipped bolsters, ending the "Golden Age" of handmade Italian handblades.
The folding knife continues to be sold and collected in countries where ownership remains legal. In the 1980s, automatic knife imports into the US continued with the concept of knife kits, allowing users to assemble blockades that functioned from component kits with additions per main or other important parts (often sold separately). Since there is no law prohibiting the importation of parts or kits that have not been assembled, all the risk of prosecution is assumed by the purchaser of the assembly, not the importer. This gap was finally closed by the new federal regulations.
Today
The ability to buy or carry a knife or automatic blade knife continues to be severely restricted or banned in most of Europe, with some notable exceptions. In the UK, the folding type of the folding knife is often referred to as the film blade. In Britain, a knife with an automatic opening system is virtually impossible to obtain or carry legally; although they may be legitimately owned, it is illegal to produce, sell, rent, give, lend, or import such knives. This definition will nominally restrict legitimate ownership under the automatic 'grandfathered' knife that was possessed by the owner prior to the enactment of the law in force in 1959. Even when the knife is legally owned, it is brought in public without good cause or authority legitimate is also illegal under current British law.
In the US, switchblades remain illegal to be imported from abroad or to purchase through inter-state trade since 1958 under the Knife Knifebade Act (15 U.S.C.§§§1241-1245). However, the amendments of 2009 (Amendment 1447) to 15 U.S.C. Ã,§1244 states that the Act will not apply to a spring-assisted blade or an api-helper (ie a knife with a refractive spring that requires physical strength to be applied on the knife to help open the knife).
Although operationally identical (in the case of one-handed opening), spring assisted blades have little difference but are important. A folding knife opens the blade from the handle automatically by pressing a button, lever, or a switch mounted remotely on the handle of the blade or bolster. Instead, the spring design helps to use manual pressure on the lever or switch mounted on the blades or connected by direct mechanical connection to open the blades at first, where the internal torque spring point pushes the blade to the open and locked position. There is another type of one-handed opening knife that relies on the use of a manual bulge on the knife itself to 'flick' open blades using the thumb or forefinger, without spring help. Because all of these knives can be opened quickly with one hand, the logic and utility of the 1950s ban on the subcategories of one-handed opening knives such as the folding knives have been questioned by the knife rights advocacy groups. In recent years, several US states have revoked laws that prohibit the purchase or possession of automatic knives as a whole.
Despite existing federal laws, there are still a number of US knife companies and custom makers that make automatic knives, especially for use by military and emergency personnel. Some of today's well-known automatic knife manufacturers include Colonial Knives. , Microtech Knives, Benchmade , Severtech , Legendary Gerber Blades , Mikov , Pro-Tech Knives , Dalton , BÃÆ'¶ker , Spyderco , Kershaw Knife , and Piranha . Colonial currently produces the M724 Auto Rescue Knife, which is currently being spent for use in all US military fighter seats.
The classic style of Italian stiletto switchblade continues to be produced in Italy, Taiwan, and China. Automatic knife making in Italy is largely made up of home-based industries from family-oriented businesses. These include Frank Beltrame and AGA Campolin , which has been making automatic knives using hand assembly techniques for over half a century. Since the late 1990s, Taiwanese and Chinese countries have emerged as manufacturers of large-scale automatic blades.
Automatic knives have been produced in the following countries: Argentina, China, Czech Republic, UK, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Korea, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan, and USA.
The current case was recently reported in Wisconsin.
Maps Switchblade
Operation method
Opening side
The most common type of switchblade is a side opening design. It resembles a traditional manually operated folding knife, but has a spring attached to the blade that is released when the activation key is pressed. The side-opening blades usually display a safety mechanism that when used, will block the activation button from being pressed to prevent the blades from opening.
The side-opening knife is the most durable automatic blade and is usually much cheaper than an equivalent quality OTF blade. However, since the blade is open, the opening knife user can not hold the handle firmly when activating the blade. In addition, because of the way the knife folds into the handle, the side-opening blades are usually more limited in the shape of the blades.
Double action, out front
The double action out of the front blade is called because the blade appears from the front of the handle and the thumb stud can be moved forward or backward to extend or unplug each knife. One action out the front blade operates under the same principle but will only automatically extend the blade which then has to be pulled manually.
The blade (gray dark) blade is locked in position with the spring retaining pins (yellow and red) attached to the indentation on the slats at position 1. Both the green (green) carrier enters the space on the slide (blue)) and the assembly is located on the side of the knife. The right spring carrier is held back by the tab at position 2 corresponding to the end of the bar. The tension on the main spring (red zigzag) holds another spring carrier, slide and thumb stud (gray young) to the right.
When the thumb stud is pushed to the front of the slide and the left spring carrier is free to travel. This increases the strain on the main spring when the right blade and spring carrier are locked. The slide on the slide overwrites the bottom pin. When the pin evacuates the indentation, the right blade and spring carrier are free to move. The right spring bearer moves only a short distance before stopping on the slide. Momentum carries a knife further before the flange (not shown) inhibits its movement.
The other retaining pin at position 3 matches the notch and locks the blade in an extended position. The tab on the left spring carrier fits into the hole in the blade at position 4 that holds the left spring carrier. This allows the backward force on the thumb stud to increase the tension in the main spring before the top retaining pin is released and the blade and the carrier can return to the closed position.
The small retaining pin at 3 is the only thing that holds the blades open and is vulnerable to failure if misused. The entire slide unit moves only a short distance, precisely as far as the thumb stud moves. Styles that cause elongated or shortened blades are similar to the force applied by the user on the thumb stud to stretch the main spring before being released. For this reason the tip of the blade is unlikely to break the skin and is completely incapable of causing significant injury upon release even though the tip of the blade may still be cut off as it moves just like a knife. Any object in the elongated blade path can cause the blade to stop before it can lock its position. This is easily fixed by pulling the knife out so that it locks or pushes it until it is locked and then diverted.
A double-action blade has the advantage of being able to retract the blades automatically, allowing the primary spring to be in a "at rest" position when the blade is fully open or closed. However, since they have more complicated mechanisms, the OTF double action will tend to be more expensive, have weaker firepower, and less dense locking of comparable single action OTFs.
One action, exit from the front
One spring post (green, left) is fixed rigidly to the handle (orange), the other spring (green, right) is tied to the base of the blade. The main spring (red) is under pressure but the blade can not be ejected because the spring button is installed (light gray, the spring is not visible) is resting on the notch on the knife. The arm side (blue) appears through the base of the handle; friction with the handle holding it in place.
When the button is pressed (to the side to the handle or, as illustrated, into the page), the slot inside is parallel to the blade and allows the blade to move forward. When the blade is fully dilated to the blade, hold the pin on the arm that tilts by slowing the blade movement. The bar is locked in a position when the rear notch of the blade allows the button to return to its resting position. Even if the button is pressed the spring tension holds the blade open.
To pull back the blade, the button is pressed again so that the slot is parallel to the blade. The tilting arm is pulled backwards which itself pulls the knife back. When the blade is completely pulled back, the spring button is located in front of the front and again appears and locks the blade in an inclined position. The tilt arm is then manually pushed forward to again sit flat with the handle.
Since the main spring is constantly working on the blades and extended to a much larger amount and cocked by the entire hand and arm than with the thumb, the force that can be used on the blade is greater than that of a double action knife. This will easily allow the tip of the blade to break the skin when used and may penetrate a few millimeters or to pass through light clothing. Although the design is still not very strong, as it is more inherent in good quality, a single action coming out of the front blade will feature less shake and play than equivalent dual action quality.
Legality
Austria
Beginning with the Austrian Arms Act of 1996 switchblade, like all other knives, is generally legal to buy, import, own or carry, regardless of the length of the blade or the mechanism of opening or locking. The only exception is a minor (defined as a person under the age of 18) and people who are expressly forbidden to own and carry any weapon ( Waffenverbot ): both groups can only have a knife that not considered "weapons" under the Weapons Act, defined as "objects whose nature is intended to reduce or eliminate a person's defensive ability through direct impact". Switchblade is usually included in that definition.
In Austria, the rules of law of each state and the Legislative Assembly may prohibit the knife being brought to public buildings, schools, public meetings, or public events.
Australia
In Australia, switchblades are prohibited by Customs Regulations (Forbidden Imports) as Prohibited Imports. The Australian custom refers to an automatic knife or a folding knife as a film blade. Australian law defines a film blade as a knife that has blades that are exposed automatically by gravity or centripetal force or by the pressure applied to a button, spring or device on or attached to a knife handle, a definition which will include not only a folding knife and an automatic clearing knife but also gravity blades and balisong.
At the state and local level, most jurisdictions state the film blade as a forbidden weapon in their own actions, codes and regulations. People living in countries that do not have special weapons laws that include switchblades (such as Tasmania) are still protected by Federal Customs laws, but in circumstances where the state has no laws against them, can be applied to and accepted if approved by the chief of the supervisory officer of the police department in the state.
Some states that have special laws against switchblade allow individuals to file an exemption from this law if they have valid reasons. For example, in the state of Victoria, a member of the finger-knife collecting association, which is not a forbidden person (per Law of Arms 1996), and meets any other applicable terms and conditions. to the Police Chief Commissioner for the Liberation of Prohibited Weapons to own, carry, or own the knife. These exceptions may then, subsequently, be used to apply to the Australian Customs Service for import clearance.
Belgium
Article 3, Ã,§§1 of the 2006 Arms Act includes a folding knife or an automatic knife ( couteaux ÃÆ' cran d'arrÃÆ'ªt et ÃÆ' lame jaillissante ) as a forbidden weapon. In Belgium, local police and jurisdictions are also permitted to prohibit carrying or possessing any kind of knife, which is not explicitly prohibited by law, if the owner can not establish a valid reason ( motif lÃÆ'  © gitime ) to have the knife, especially in urban areas or at public events.
Canada
Switchblades are generally illegal to be sold, bought, traded, carried and owned. Part III of the Criminal Code defines the blade as a forbidden weapon ( armes dÃÆ' Â © fendues ). While certain businesses may be licensed to acquire and own forbidden weapons such as folding knives to be used as props in film production, these exclusions do not apply to individuals.
The definition of the Civil Code of "forbidden weapons" includes a folding knife:
"Knife that has a knife that is automatically exposed by gravity or centrifugal force or by hand pressure applied to knobs, springs or other devices in or attached to a knife handle."
Different subsections of the code illustrate ownership violations and penalties. Dagger belts, buckles, daggers, blade rings and hidden blades are also banned in Canada under SOR/98-462 Section 3.
Czech Republic
It is legal to carry and have a folding or automatic knife in the Czech Republic.
Denmark
Any type of automatic opening blade or blade tool that can be opened with only one hand (this includes a one-handed blade that has been disabled by removing the opening mechanism) is illegal to own or have. Multi-tools featuring a one-handed opening bar are also illegal to own or have.
Finnish
In Finland, a folding knife or an automatic knife is legal to buy or to own. All knives are considered a dangerous weapon and are forbidden to carry a knife without proper cause. The law prohibits carrying or importing any automatic knife whose blade is completely hidden like a switchblade OTF. Restrictions do not apply to importing knives that are historically significant or that have significant artistic value. The law requires that switchblades be tied up and secured when transported.
French
French law defines a folding knife as a dangerous weapon, which may not be brought to a person. If carried in a vehicle, the knife must be placed in a secure and locked compartment that is not accessible to the passenger of the vehicle. In addition, French law provides that authorities may classify any blade as a forbidden item depending on the circumstances and policies of the police or judicial authorities.
German
All large knife blades (blade longer than 8.5 cm), OTF folding knife, balisong or butterfly knife (knife longer than 4 cm), and an illegal gravity knife to be owned, imported or exported under German law. The folding knife blade that opens with a single-edged knife no longer than 8.5 cm and sustained spinal blending is legal to own. Switchblade laws can be done either open and hidden to a person if there is a justified need for it ("berechtigtes BedÃÆ'¼rfnis") or if the weapon is inaccessible with less than 3 steps ("Transportation in verschlossenem BehÃÆ'¤ltnis"). Other laws or regulations may still prohibit the carrying of automatic knives or legal folding knives, especially in certain situations or places (meetings in public areas, airport check-in areas).
Hungarian
According to decision 175/2003. (X. 28.) from the Hungarian government a kÃÆ'¶zbiztonsÃÆ'¡gra kÃÆ'¼lÃÆ'¶nÃÆ'¶sen veszÃÆ' Â © lyes eszkÃÆ'¶zÃÆ'¶kr? L (about a very dangerous instrument for public safety), it is forbidden to have a folding knife in public places or private places open to the public - which include the inside of the vehicle that is present there - and on the vehicle public transport, except for film making and theater performances. Members of the Hungarian Army, law enforcement, national security agencies and armed forces stationed in Hungary are exempted from this restriction along with those authorized to carry the instrument by law. Switchblade sales are only allowed for the people and organizations above. Custom clearance of switchblade may not be done for private individuals such as tourists.
Hong Kong
According to Cap 217: Weapons Ordinance ?, Laws of Hong Kong, anyone who has forbidden goods (including Gravity Knives and Flick Knife) committed a foul.
ireland
Section 9 of the Arms Weapons and Weapons Act of 1990 makes it an offense to carry a "film blade" in any public space without a legitimate authority or a plausible reason. A confidence summary can be punished by a penalty of EUR1000, up to 12 months in prison or both, but if the indictment can be sentenced to up to five years in prison. The law, which classifies film blades as offensive weapons, also prohibits the making, importing, selling, leasing or lending of these knives. Confidence over all these offenses carries a penalty of up to seven years in prison.
Italy
In Italy, the opening knife or the automatic opening knob ( coltello a scatto ) is generally defined as arma bianca (offensive weapon) rather than a tool. While legal for an adult to purchase, the knife can not be transported outside a person's property or carried on the person, whether hidden or hidden, nor may be carried in a motor vehicle where the blade is accessible to the driver or passenger. The Italian Interior Ministry has warned that the folding knife blade would be considered an offensive weapon in their own right.
Japanese
In Japan, any folding knife over 5.6 cm (2.2 inches) long blade requires permission from the prefectural public safety commission to have.
Lithuania
According to Lithuanian law it is illegal to carry or own a folding knife if it meets one of the following criteria: the blade is longer than 8.5 cm; the width at the center of the blade is less than 14% of its total length; two-sided blades.
Mexico
Wild.
Dutch
In 2011, it is forbidden to own or have, whether stored at home or not, stilettos, folding knives, folding knives with more than one eye cut, and throwing knives.
New Zealand
The 2008 Customs Prohibition Order prohibits the import of any "knife that has a knife that opens automatically with hand pressure applied to a button, spring, or other device on or attached to the handle of the knife (sometimes known as a" knife-knife "or 'flick gun') ". The Summary of the Violation Act of 1981 and Criminal Act 1961 section 202A (4) (a) makes an offense for possessing weapons in public places for no logical reason.
Norwegian
A folding knife or an automatic knife (sprinkniver ) may not be acquired, owned or carried in Norway.
Polish
Knives, including a folding knife, although considered a dangerous device, are not considered weapons under Polish law, except for knives hidden in umbrellas, sticks, etc. It is legal to sell, buy, trade, and have a folding knife, and Polish law does not prohibit the carrying of a knife in a public place. However, certain restrictions may apply during a bulk event.
Russian
In Russia, switchblades (rus. ???????????????????, ?????????? , ????????????????? ) is illegal only if the length is more than 9 cm (about 3.5 inches) - this is an illegal weapon, and there is a 500 fine -2000 Russian rubles (about 15-70 $) and withdrawal of knives only to bring them (article 20.8 of the Russian Code of Infringement), but not for illegal purchases and possession (fixed at home or elsewhere). Just make your own and sell white guns (rus. ???????????????????????????????? ) is a crime in Russia (these two crimes are punished by: Section 4 of article 222 and section 4 of article 223 of the Russian Criminal Code). If the blade is shorter than 9 cm, anyone (even if she is younger than 18 years, having a history of crime or mental illness) can buy, carry herself and conceal (carry open from any weapon or objects that look like weapons in human settlements prohibited in Russia, with the exception of the police) such as a folding knife without a license. But even in this case, it is recommended that people bring their person an official certificate (type approval) (which is usually in a box with a purchased knife), which proves that it is not a cold weapon and is not limited to carry, in this case even a longer knife of 9 cm is sometimes approved. Singapore
Switchblade may not be taken to Singapore without first obtaining approval from arms and explosives branches and is not permitted to own, own or carry without a license. It may not also be listed or sold at auction in Singapore.
Slovenia
Switchblades are specifically prohibited under Slovenian law.
Slovakia
It is legal to carry and have a folding knife or an automatic knife with no length limit on the knife.
South Africa
In South Africa, the law has little or no ownership, sales, manufacture, and weapons, other than firearms. Switchblades are legal for ownership, sale, manufacturing, and carrying.
South Korea
In South Korea, any knife that automatically opens wider than 45 degrees by pressing a button and having a blade longer than 5.5 centimeters must be registered. To register a knife and legally have it, a person must be over 20 years of age, having no previous and healthy criminal offenses both physically and psychologically. The registration process is done at the nearest police station. However, unless the owner of the knife has a hunting license, carrying a knife in public is generally prohibited.
Spanish
Producing, importing, trading, using and having a knife transfer knife is prohibited in Spain
Swedish
In Sweden, any possession of a knife in a public place, in a school, or a public street is prohibited. Exceptions are made for those who carry knives for professional or justified reasons. Switchblades may not be owned by individuals under 21 years of age.
Switzerland
A blade whose blade can be opened with one-handed automatic mechanisms is illegal to obtain (except with special permission) in Switzerland under the Federal Weapons Act. Butterfly knives, throwing knives and daggers with symmetrical blades are also prohibited. Violations may be punishable by up to three years' imprisonment or fiscal penalty, as governed by article 33 of the same act.
Turkish
Switchblades is illegal to buy, sell and carry in Turkey under the appropriate law 6136 (4) which includes a jail term of up to 1 year. However, due to the widespread use of the folding knives and butterfly knives in the country, imprisonment is very rare and sentences are often converted into fines when it is the only offense.
United Kingdom
On May 12, 1958, Parliament passed the 1959 Barrier Weapons Act Act. The law came in response to the notion they received from juvenile delinquents and gangs and related media coverage, as well as in 1958 part of the Switchblade Knife Act in the United States.. Indeed, most of the languages ​​in the Limit of Arms Attacks Act 1959 seem to be taken directly from American law.
The Weapons Offensive Limitations Act 1959, which came into force on June 13, 1959, determines whoever "manufactures, sells or rents or offers to sell or rent, or expose or own in possession for the purpose of selling or renting or lending or granting to others" automatic opener (film blade) or gravity knife in England, Wales and Scotland guilty of offense. The import of the knives to England after June 13, 1959 was banned. Under strict interpretation of the Act, it is lawful to have an automatic clearing knife or gravity knife made before June 13, 1959 if held by the original owner in the home or other private premises and not transferred to another person. Because the penalty provisions of the Act apply to the previous owner of the knife, and not to the next heir or buyer, it is possible that a person living in the UK may obtain an opening knife or auto gravity and store it at home or on other private property without penalties to the new owner , even though the energetic prosecutor may attempt to equate allegations of irregularities or facilitate offenses by the former owner of the knife as a consequence of obtaining a knife in a forbidden post-1959 transaction.
The Offensive Restriction Weapons Act 1959 states:
Anyone who makes, sells, hires, or offers to sell or rent, or expose or owns in its possession for the purpose of selling or renting or lending or giving to others - shall be guilty of an offense and shall be liable for a guilty conclusion in the case of the first violation to prison for a period not exceeding three months or a fine not exceeding the 4th level on a standard or two-prison and such a fine, and in case of second or subsequent infringement to jail for a period of not more than six months or a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale or both of jail and fine. The import of knives as described in the above subsections is hereby forbidden.
In addition, subsequent legislation such as the 1988 Criminal Justice Act prohibits carrying a knife or knife with a knife longer than 3 inches (76mm) in a public place, a law that will apply to many folding knives as well. In Scotland, the law of carrying a banned type of knife in a public place was codified by the 1988 (Offensive Offensive) (Scottish) Criminal Justice Act (Scotland) Order, established under the 1988 Act.
United States
Federal law
The Switchblade Knife Act (Pub.L. 85-623, 72Ã, Stat.Ã, 562, adopted on 12 August 1958, and codified in 15 USCÃ,§Ã,§Ã, 1241 -1245), prohibits the manufacture, import, distribution, transportation, and sale of folding knives in commercial transactions that substantially affect interstate commerce between states, territories, US possessions or the District of Columbia, and any place outside the country that part, region, USA. property, or District of Columbia. The law also prohibits the possession of such knives in federal or Indian soil or on land subject to federal jurisdiction. This does not prohibit the possession or the carrying of automatic knives or folding knives within a state when not on federal property, nor does it prohibit the acquisition or disposition of such knives in intrastate or non-commercial transactions between countries and/or not substantially affecting interstate commerce (as defined by the latest decision of the US Supreme Court).
US. Title Code 15, Sect. 1241 defines a switchblade blade as a blade that opens "1) with applied hand pressure to a knob or other device on a knife handle, or a knife with an open knife automatically; (2) by inertia, gravity, or second operation". The law also prohibits the manufacture, sale, or ownership of folding knives on any Federal land, Indian reservation, military base, and maritime or federal territorial jurisdiction including the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and other territories. The action was changed in 1986 to also prohibit import, sale, manufacture, or possession of ballistic knives in interstate commerce.
U.S.C. 1716 prohibits the transmission or delivery of a knife or automatic knife through U.S. deliveries. (US Postal Service), with some specified exceptions. The law provides fines and/or imprisonment of not more than one year. 18 U.S.C.Ã,§Ã, 1716 (g) (2) provides:
15 USC Ã,§Ã, 1244 states that the federal Switchblade Knife Act does not not apply to: 1) a carrier of public transport or any contract, in respect of any blade knife which are shipped, transported, or shipped for shipping in interstate commerce in ordinary course of business; 2) manufacture, sale, transport, distribution, ownership, or introduction to inter-state trade of folding knives under contract with the Armed Forces; 3) to the Armed Forces or any member or employee acting in the performance of his duties; 4) ownership and transportation of the person from a folding knife with a knife of three inches or less in length by an individual with only one arm, and 5) a knife "containing a spring, detent, or other mechanism designed to create a bias against the blade closure and requires the power applied to the knife by hand, wrist, or arm to overcome the bias toward the closure to help open the knife ".
State law
In addition to federal law, some U.S. states have laws that restrict or ban automatic knives or folding knives, sometimes as part of the lethal weapons container category or illegal weapons. >. A number of countries prohibit or severely restrict the possession or possession of automatic knives or folding knives as lethal or banned weapons, sometimes including exceptions for short bladed enforcement, while others such as New Hampshire and Arizona have no restrictions on sale, ownership, possession or ownership (in many situations). Automatic knives or folding knives may be legal or illegal under certain circumstances depending on the style of a particular blade, ie patterned after a knife designed solely for stabbing or thrusting, such as dirk, dagger, poignard, or stiletto. Some countries even grant police officers the freedom to determine whether objects with potential offensive capabilities (folding knives, screwdrivers, broken bottles, etc.) are deadly weapons.
With regard to bringing the switchblade to the person, some countries allow to carry some or all types of knife folding in secret, while others may only allow open carry. Others forbid someone to bring a knife to the person, whether hidden or not. In recent years, some countries such as Alaska, Arkansas, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Missouri, Tennessee, and Texas have revoked the old law against the possession or purchase of a knife or automatic knife. Unless otherwise ordered by state law, different regions, cities or other local jurisdictions may have their own codes or ordinances that restrict or prohibit the possession or use of a standard.
See also
- Helped blades
- Ballistic blades
- Butterfly knives
- Gravity knife
Note
Further reading
External links
- Netcom.com, Bernard Levine - Country Knife Law
- Police.govt.nz, Police NZ: "Sword, Knife, and Bayonet"
- State law map of AKTI
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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