United States Army Basic Training (also known as Initial Instruction Training, IET) is a training program for recruitment of physical and mental preparation for services in the United States Army, United States Army Reserves or Army National Guard.
Performed at several different Army posts throughout the United States, Basic Training is designed to be very intense and challenging. The challenge comes from the difficulty of physical exercise as it is from a psychological adjustment to an unknown way of life. Basic Training is divided into two parts: Basic Battle Training (BCT) and Advanced Individual Training (AIT). BCT consists of the first ten weeks of the total Basic Training cycle and identical for all members of the Army, Army and National Army.
AIT is not composed of the remainder of the total Basic Training period and where recruits train in the specific field of their choosing. Thus, AIT differs for each available Army career path, or Military Works Specialization (MOS). The AIT course can take anywhere from 4 to 52 weeks. Soldiers are still being tested for physical fitness and weapons skills and are subject to the same tasks, strict daily schedules and discipline rules like in BCT.
Video United States Army Basic Training
Overview
Sgt exercise
Drill sergeants are the instructors responsible for most of the recruitment training taking place in Initial Instruction Training. They accompany the recruits throughout the training process, instruct and correct them in everything (from firing weapons to the right way to handle superiors) and are also largely responsible for the safety of the recruits. They are recognized by their distinctive headgear (hat campaign), often called the "brown round" or "Smokey Bear" hat, as they resemble the character's ranger-style park hats.
Battle of friends
The battle of friends generally refers to partners in a war scenario. However, throughout the Basic Training this term is used to describe disciplinary principles where recruitment is generally prohibited from walking anywhere alone. When traveling away from a platoon or a sergeant, recruits are expected to travel in pairs, known as comrades of war. Fighting buddies are sometimes assigned, or can be picked by recruits when the need for travel arises.
Daily schedule
Ordinary days in Basic Training generally follow this schedule. Times may change depending on the location, the commanding officer or when the drill sergeant sees the need for variety.
Fire and cost of the quarters
Every night, at least two people recruited from the platoon must wake up at a certain time, patrol their barracks, watch the fires, clear the barracks and watch the workers trying to leave the barracks. They wake up the next recruit at the end of their one-hour shift. This task is called a fire guard.
Firefighters returned to the days of wooden barracks and wood burning stoves. Firefighters will keep an eye on the stove to ensure that the barracks will not burn. Since open fires are generally not used for heating longer sleeping areas, current fire fighters during Basic Training are more of a discipline exercise than a practical need, although if the weather is cool enough, some groups who do outdoor training overnight will still use kerosene stoves " pot bellied "to be supervised to prevent unintentional fires.
The cost of quarters, commonly called CQ, works in a somewhat similar way. The CQ shift revolves around the company, with only two employees of the company staying awake per shift. The actual cost of the quarters is the sergeant of the coach and the recruited pair staying awake are "runners", meaning that they are doing the task for CQ. They perform some of the same tasks as the turn of the firefighters. Only CQs in charge were allowed to open the barracks door and runners had to remind CQ if others tried to enter or leave the barracks.
Live practice
For many instructional sessions, recruits will be transported to other postal locations that specialize in the given subject. For example, a class on Claymore's anti-personnel land use is provided at a location where a field is set up with the right props for simulation, including fake clays that workers can practice. Classes are also given in the use of AT4 shoulder launcher anti-tank missiles. For this class, the recruits are brought to the artificial battlefields filled with tanks that are turned off and other vehicles. Each AT4 trainer recruits weapons, loaded with tracking ammunition, on various targets on the battlefield. For weapons training involving only the use of counterfeit weapons, a real demonstration of the actual weapon is usually done. For example, on a clay court, a real clay workout can be rigged and detonated from a distance; and in AT4 training, one recruit (usually with the highest rifle qualification score) was selected to fire the AT4 straight.
Separate training options
Separate Training Options (also known as STO or Split-Op) are the registration options available for recruiting the National Army. This program allows individuals to participate in Basic Training for one summer, drill with each unit once a month on weekends while attending school, and then follow Advanced Personal Training upon graduation. This enrollment option is popular among high school students who wish to enroll while still in school.
Maps United States Army Basic Training
Location
The United States takes the place of a Soldier to go to Basic Battle Training based on openings and not dependent on MOS, unless the Army selects MOS which requires OSUT. (Infantry, Military Police, Combat Engineer) However, the location where the recruits are sent for Advanced Individual Training depends on the Special Occupational Specialist he or she chooses, or the MOS, chosen after registration. Recruits requiring air transport to their training sites are flown through commercial flights at the cost of the US Army.
One Station Training Unit
With some MOS, both BCT and AIT training stages are performed alternately in the same location, with the same instructor, as well as with the same recruitment. This is called One Station Unit Training, or OSUT. For example, MOS Infantry consists of ordinary BCT followed by five weeks of AIT, all in the same location. Similar programs were followed for cavalry reconnaissance, tank crew, military police, field artillery and some MOS engineers.
Basic Combat Training Sites
The US Army has four sites for BCT:
- Fort Benning in Columbus, Georgia; also provides Infantry and Armor OSUT
- Fort Jackson in Columbia, South Carolina; largest of all BCT locations
- Fort Leonard Wood in St. Louis Robert, Missouri; also provides Corps of Engineers, Chemical Corps and Police Police OSUT
- Fort Sill in Lawton, Oklahoma; also provides Artillery OSUT
Advanced Individual Training
AIT is held at the school concerned for MOS recruitment (see Advanced Individual Training).
Acceptance of Battalion
Battalion reception (RECBN) is the period that begins when the recruitment arrives at the Army post where he will undergo Basic Training. This usually lasts 4 to 10 days and where the initial preparation for the training is conducted, including:
- Haircuts (head piece or neck cut for men, women should cut short hair or pin up)
- Physical examination (including blood and urine test)
- Inoculation
- Distribution of uniforms and personal gear, such as backpacks and ornaments
- Instructions in marching and standing base, as well as maintenance of barracks
Fitness Training Company
Recruits who fail on physical assessment tests may be detained in the Receiving Battalion, where they are stationed at the Fitness Training Company (FTC), sometimes referred to in slang form as "Camp Fat". The FTC involves daily, rigorous physical training and diet monitoring by Master Fitness Trainers (MFTs). Recruitment at the FTC is given two opportunities each week to complete a physical assessment test and after graduation is allowed to proceed to the next stage of Basic Training. Recruits who spend four weeks at the FTC without passing a physical assessment test (failed eight tests) may be excluded from the Army through Admission Level (see Discharge from Basic Training below).
Recruitments that retain injuries during Basic Training, such as broken arm, may also be assigned to the FTC for rehabilitation.
Basic Combat Training
Basic Battle Training, or BCT, is a ten-week training cycle that teaches identical skills for all MOS (Military Work Specialization). This is because the Army believes that no matter the specialties of the soldiers, they should all be taught the same basic procedures and skills so that they are ready to cooperate well and defend themselves, as well as their fellow soldiers, if necessary.
BCT is divided into three phases. The three phases are each represented by colors: red, white and blue for Stage I, II and III, respectively. BCT trainers progressively allow for more responsibility, privilege and independence every time they reach a new stage of training. Whereas trainees in Phase I are constantly monitored and led by their drill sergeants, Phase III trainees are largely responsible for making sure the tasks are completed correctly and on time and keeping themselves on schedule.
In some Basic Training stations, the current phase is represented by the guiding colors carried by the platoon. After successfully completing the Training Field Training (final exercise just before graduation), the Phase III blue guidon is sometimes traded for tri-red, white and blue guidon which symbolizes the successful completion of all three phases of BCT.
Phase I
During Phase I or "Red Stage," recruitment is subject to "Total Control," which means that each of their actions is monitored and corrected by the drill sergeant. Recruits are often subjected to group corrective actions even for minor offenses, the aim being to develop acute attention to detail and foster a sense of shared responsibility among the units.
Week 1
Week 1 begins with a recruitment meeting with sergeant trainers who will be responsible for their training throughout BCT. Sgt trainers take their recruits from the Receptionist Battalion and transport or take them to their corporate area. The company area is a public area for the entire company (200 recruits) and is surrounded by four barracks - one for each platoon (50 people each) in the company.
Upon arriving at the company area, recruitment became a target practice such as "bag drill." This is an exercise in which all of the recruited packs of people are thrown into a large pile and recruits are told to find their personal backpacks simultaneously and within the prescribed time limit. Following the practice bag, the recruits are divided into platoons.
Drill and ceremonial drills begin during the 1st week. This refers to the correct procedure for marching and body movements such as standing with attention, "facing" (right/left face), "quiet," "backward" and more. For this and many other exercises, soldiers sometimes issue fake guns known as "rubber ducks", so they can become accustomed to proper handling and increase the weight of their weapons before they have actually been trained to use them. Recently, recruits have begun to issue fully functional M16A2/A4s during the first week of BCT to allow early recognition with weapons.
Classroom instruction is given in each of the seven "Core Values ​​of the Army", which includes loyalty, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, integrity, and personal courage (intended to spell LDRSHIP mnemonic, or leadership). There are also classes held on subjects involving daily personal life in the Army, such as awareness/prevention of sexual harassment and race relations.
Week 2
During the second week, the recruits started an unarmed combat training, also known as hand-to-hand combat, Combatives or Ground Fighting Technique (GFT). Training often culminates in a competition in which each platoon chooses a recruit to compete. At gender-integrated training stations, each platoon selects one male and one female.
Recruitment is also instructed in map reading, ground navigation and compass usage. These skills are tested on a compass course, where recruiters are divided into groups and must navigate their way to a series of points across the forested areas.
Recruitment will also handle Victory Tower and Teamwork Development Course for week 2. Victory Tower is an exercise in which recruiters must navigate through some hurdles at extreme altitudes, including climbing and crossing ladders of ropes and bridges. They then had to descend the 50-foot (first-rear, with harness) wall. In the Working Team Development Course, the team must navigate a series of obstacles, with an emphasis on working as a team rather than as individuals.
First aid training, known as Combat Life Saver (CLS), was also provided during this period. Recruits are trained to evaluate and treat victims well, ranging from wound dressing to the application of tourniquet and dehydration treatments.
Week 3
Recruits start training with pugil sticks, methods to bring unconscious or immovable people and physical problem solving, such as finding ways to bring equipment from point A to point B because of special obstacles and barriers.
Recruits are also usually sent to gas chambers during the week, which is a large enclosed space where troops are subjected to CS gas while wearing their protective masks. The gas chamber is the culmination of a series of classroom instructions about the use of gas masks. Recruitment is forced to unmask shortly before leaving the room so they can briefly experience the gas effect. Drill sergeants will usually ask each recruitment to read the information when they are unmasked, such as a name, social security number or the Pledge of Allegiance, so that recruitment is forced to open the mouth/eye and/or take a breath while continuing to show focus.
Week 3 also when recruits are introduced into their standard edition weapon, M16A2 assault rifle or M4 carbine. This has not involved the actual firing of the rifle. This includes basic basic shooting (BRM) training (instructions in firing techniques without firing shotguns, for example, trigger controls practiced by placing dowel wood under the barrel of a rifle with coins placed on the open end) recruiting can pull the trigger without falling coins of dowels, their trigger controls are satisfactory), as well as maintenance tasks, including "stripping the field" (quickly disassembling, cleaning, and rearranging) the rifle. Many of these tasks are now performed during Week 1 as part of the initial round of classroom teaching.
Phase II
Phase II, or "White Phase", is where the army starts to really fire a gun. With a service rifle (M16A2), they will shoot at various targets, which decrease, making each successive target harder to hit, with additional pop-up targets at a distance. Other weapons familiar to the soldier include hand grenades (such as M67), grenade launchers (such as M203) and machine guns (such as M240, M249 and M2). The second week of Phase II involves socialization with anti-tank weapons/armor and other heavy weapons.
There are also obstacles that soldiers hope to negotiate within a certain time limit, known as a "trust course", because the ultimate goal is to build self-confidence. There is also hope to work as a team with a commissioned combatant.
In addition, there is ongoing, intensive physical training, as well as drill and ceremony training. At the end of Phase II, soldiers are expected to demonstrate proficiency with the various weaponry in which they are trained, using many "go or no go" (pass/fail) exercises before being allowed to move to Phase III.
Phase III
Phase III, or "Blue Phase," is the culmination point and perhaps the most challenging of all the training phases. During this phase, the Army's Physical Fitness Test is given to determine whether the recruitment has successfully fulfilled the requirements for graduation. Although not mentioned earlier, APFT is provided at least at every stage of the training. This is done to ensure that all recruitments meet the standards along the way. Recruitments that fail to meet APFT standards will be retrained locally by their drill sergeants and specialized fitness programs developed to focus on recruitment weaknesses while continuing to maintain and improve the events recruitment has achieved. When a recruiter has successfully passed APFT, recruiting will have one of the important benchmark requirements for graduation. If after completing a specially designed recruiting fitness program continue to demonstrate the inability to pass APFT, recruiting has proven to be a good candidate for medical evaluation as found in research entitled "Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotypes and physical performance during basic US Army training". In some locations, failed soldiers were not allowed into the field with the rest of the platoon. The last APFT test consists of Standard Army Standard APFT Exam. A minimum of 180 points is required to pass the Basic Training of the US Army.
Those who graduate will move to "Bivouac" (camping) and FTX (Field Training Training), such as night combat operations and training MOUT (Military Operations in Urban Medan). There is no access to the dining facilities during these exercises, so food is given in the form of MRE (Meal Ready to Eat) or chow pitch. Drill sergeants will make a lot of this in the hostilities process, working against people recruited in many night operations by trying to foil plans, and others . Other BCT companies are also in the FTX weeks they can join simulated simulation scenarios, generally at night, with intense competition to prove their more trained specialized companies.
Week 2 Phase III (8 weeks of Basic Training) culminates in a special tactical FTX in which the trainer sergeant will suggest, but allows recruiting platoon leaders and team leaders to make ultimate decision-making. They try to make almost all of these exercises different. Because being a soldier is a potentially very dangerous job, recruitment must show extreme aggression and courage, tempered by intelligence and common sense. Only those who show these vital attributes will be allowed to proceed to AIT (Advanced Individual Training).
Following their FTX, recruitment then moved into the final week of training, often called "recovery week," At this time, soldiers must serve and/or fix items they do not bring to AIT including weapons, sleep equipment, equipment issued (helmets , canteen, gas mask, et cetera ) and ensures the platoon barracks are in good shape to receive the next trainee platoon. This week also includes the final installation of uniforms for recruits and training for graduation ceremonies, which take place at the end of the cycle.
Release from Basic Training
A recruit can be dismissed from the Army before the end of Basic Training. Disposal that occurs before the completion of 180 days (about 6 months) of training is considered unusual, which is not honorable or less honorable.
- Separation Entry Level (ELS) can occur when a recruiter shows unsatisfactory performance and/or errors. A recruit can only be ELSed after at least 4 weeks of training and 2 counseling sessions, except in extreme circumstances, such as recruitment is considered suicide.
- If it is found that a recruiter can not practice due to a chronic medical condition, he or she can obtain medical release with the recommendation of an Army medical doctor.
- Whiteness due to any pre-Service Condition (EPTS) condition can occur when a recruit is found to have a previous medical condition that existed prior to enrollment. A recruiter may receive rare homecoming for EPTS conditions if they have attended Basic Training for over 180 days.
See also
- Basic Training - Initial Military Training
- Recruitment training
- Training Command of Recruitment, Great Lakes, Illinois
- Basic United States Air Force Army Training
- United States Coast Guard Training Center Cape May, New Jersey
- United States Marine Corps Training
References
External links
- Initial Military Training of the United States Army (DCG-IMT)
- US. Army Basic Training Website (unofficial)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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